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    顾汪明, 卢泽洋, 黄春良, 李逸凡, 关颖慧. 云南省建水县防火树种筛选研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(2): 49-60. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20180378
    引用本文: 顾汪明, 卢泽洋, 黄春良, 李逸凡, 关颖慧. 云南省建水县防火树种筛选研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(2): 49-60. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20180378
    Gu Wangming, Lu Zeyang, Huang Chunliang, Li Yifan, Guan Yinghui. Screening study of fire resistant tree species in Jianshui County, Yunnan Province of southwestern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(2): 49-60. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20180378
    Citation: Gu Wangming, Lu Zeyang, Huang Chunliang, Li Yifan, Guan Yinghui. Screening study of fire resistant tree species in Jianshui County, Yunnan Province of southwestern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(2): 49-60. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20180378

    云南省建水县防火树种筛选研究

    Screening study of fire resistant tree species in Jianshui County, Yunnan Province of southwestern China

    • 摘要:
      目的根据云南省建水县森林火灾和造林树种组成的特点,选取当地18种主要造林树种作为研究对象,旨在筛选出适宜建水县林业发展的防火树种,以期为该区森林火灾预防提供一定的理论依据。
      方法以含水率、粗脂肪、灰分等树种的理化性质和燃烧性能,树冠浓密稀疏、叶质地厚薄、树皮厚度等树种的生物学、生态学特性,自然更新能力、种苗来源、造林技术等树种的造林学特性共16项指标作为评价因子,采用典型采样、选点调查、实验测定、层次分析等方法对18种树种的防火性能进行综合评判。
      结果按照防火性能综合评价结果,通过聚类分析可以将树种分为4类。Ⅰ类(最优防火树种):火力楠、黄连木、油茶、短萼海桐,是营造防火林带的首选树种;Ⅱ类(较优防火树种):厚皮香、石楠、女贞、滇青冈、山矾,可作为防火树种营造生物防火林带;Ⅲ类(一般防火树种):红叶乌桕、麻栎、栓皮栎、清香木,难以作为防火树种大量种植,但可用于营林防火;Ⅳ类(非防火树种):云南松、白枪杆、蓝桉、马尾松、侧柏,防火性能差,不宜作为防火树种,应予保护。
      结论针对目前建水县林分结构单一、纯林面积大的林分组成特点,建议未来可以I类和II类防火树种为主营建生物防火林带,以达到阻隔林火蔓延的目的;III类树种的防火性能一般,实地可根据立地条件和地域特征与I类和II类防火树种搭配栽植。

       

      Abstract:
      Objective According to the characteristics of forest fires and afforestation species in Jianshui County, Yunnan Province of southwestern China, 18 major afforestation species were selected as research objects, aiming to screen out fire resistant tree species suitable for forestry development in Jianshui County, and in order to provide a certain theoretical basis for forest fire prevention in this area.
      Method Using 16 indicators (the physicochemical properties and combustion properties of tree species such as water content, crude fat and ash, the biological and ecological characteristics of tree species such as thick and thin canopy, leaf thickness and bark thickness, and the natural regeneration ability of tree species, seedling source and afforestation) as evaluation factors, and the fire performance of 18 species was comprehensively evaluated by typical sampling, point selection survey, experimental measurement and analytic hierarchy analysis.
      Result According to the assessment results, the tree species were divided into four categories, category I (optimal fire resistance trees): Michelia macclurei, Pistacia chinensis, Camellia oleifera, Pittosporum brevicalyx are the preferred species for fire-resistant forest belts; category II (secondary fire resistant trees): Ternstroemia gymnanthera, Photinia serrulata, Ligustrum lucidum, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Symplocos sumuntia, which can be used as a fire-resistant tree species to create a biological fire-fighting forest belt; category III (ordinary fire resistant trees): Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, Pistacia weinmannifolia, Sapium discolor, which are difficult to plant as a fire tree species, but can be used for forest fire prevention; Category IV (non fire resistant trees): Pinus yunnanensis, Fraxinus malacophylla, Eucalyptus globulus, Pinus massoniana, Platycladus orientalis, have poor fire performance and should not be used as fire tree species and should be protected.
      Conclusion In view of the current characteristics of forest stand structure with single forest structure and large forest area in Jianshui County, it is suggested that category I and category II fire tree species can be built as the main bio-fire forest belt in the future to achieve the purpose of blocking the spread of forest fires; the fire performance of the category III tree species is general, and the field can be planted in combination with category I and category II fire tree species according to site conditions and regional characteristics.

       

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