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    彭泊林, 杨华, 谢榕. 择伐对长白山云冷杉林生长优势和直径结构异质性的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2022, 44(5): 34-42. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200401
    引用本文: 彭泊林, 杨华, 谢榕. 择伐对长白山云冷杉林生长优势和直径结构异质性的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2022, 44(5): 34-42. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200401
    Peng Bolin, Yang Hua, Xie Rong. Effects of thinning on stand diameter structural heterogeneity and growth dominance in spruce-fir forests of Changbai Mountains, northeastern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2022, 44(5): 34-42. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200401
    Citation: Peng Bolin, Yang Hua, Xie Rong. Effects of thinning on stand diameter structural heterogeneity and growth dominance in spruce-fir forests of Changbai Mountains, northeastern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2022, 44(5): 34-42. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200401

    择伐对长白山云冷杉林生长优势和直径结构异质性的影响

    Effects of thinning on stand diameter structural heterogeneity and growth dominance in spruce-fir forests of Changbai Mountains, northeastern China

    • 摘要:
        目的  择伐的促进效果常用伐后林分保留木的生长动态来评估。本文对择伐后的云冷杉林林分直径结构异质性及不同树种和径阶的生长动态进行研究,为帮助经营者调整择伐策略提供科学指导。
        方法  基于吉林省金沟岭林场4块云冷杉林固定样地,其中对照样地1块、3块择伐样地,择伐强度分别为21%(轻度)、27%(中度)、36%(强度),采用普雷斯勒生长率以及基尼系数分析了林分伐后直径结构异质性和生长的动态,并采用了生长优势的概念分析了林分内不同耐荫程度的树种和径阶对择伐的生长响应。
        结果  伐后5年,不同择伐强度(轻度、中度、强度)样地耐荫树种生长率分别为2.92%、2.73%、3.04%。择伐强度的增大对耐荫树种的促进作用不显著,但能显著促进林下不耐荫树种的生长(2.18%、2.91%、3.65%);中低择伐强度能显著促进林分内中小径阶林木的生长,但对优势木的促进作用不明显。强度择伐对林分各径阶的生长均有较强的促进作用;不耐荫树种非优势木对择伐的响应更积极,伐后相比耐荫树种展现出更强的负生长优势;对中径阶林木的择伐能立即提高林分直径结构异质性。伐后样地的基尼系数呈现降低趋势,择伐能够通过降低林分不对称竞争,促进中小径阶林分生长,进而降低林分直径结构异质性水平。
        结论  高强度择伐以及定期伐除生长贡献较低的耐荫树种优势木能够最大化林分生产力,轻度择伐能较好地促进云冷杉林林分的可持续发展,加速朝东北地区初级植被的正向演替。生长优势能够有效反映伐后各径阶林木的生长状态,为合理采伐林木提供参考。

       

      Abstract:
        Objective  The effective of thinning is commonly evaluated by the growth dynamics of reserved trees. The stand diameter structure heterogeneity and growth dynamics of different tree species and diameter classes of spruce-fir mixed forest after thinning were studied in order to provide scientific guidance for operators to adjust thinning strategies.
        Method  Based on four permanent sample plots of natural spruce-fir mixed forest in Jingouling Forest Farm of Jilin Province, northeastern China, which included one control sample plot and three thinning sample plots with different treatments (remove 21% (light), 27% (medium), 36% (heavy) of the basal area), we applied the concept of growth dominance (GD) with the Pressler growth rate and the Gini coefficient to analyze the dynamics of diameter structural heterogeneity and the growth feedback of different species and diameter classes after thinning.
        Result  5 years after thinning, the growth rates of shade-tolerant tree species (light, medium and heavy) were 2.92%, 2.73% and 3.04%, respectively. The increase of thinning intensity had no significant promoting effect on shade-tolerant species but it can promote the growth of shade-intolerant tree species significantly (2.18%, 2.91%, 3.65%). The medium and light thinning intensity could improve the growth rates of small and medium diameter trees greatly but this impact is not obvious on the dominant trees, while heavy thinning had a strong positive effect on the growth of whole stand. The non-dominant trees of shade-intolerant species responded more positively to thinning, which had stronger negative growth dominance than shade-tolerant species. Thinning of medium-diameter trees can immediately improve the heterogeneity of stand structure. The Gini coefficient decreased after thinning showed that thinning can reduce the level of stand diameter structural heterogeneity by reducing the asymmetric competition and promoting the growth of small trees.
        Conclusion  Heavy intensity thinning and regularly removing shade-tolerant dominant trees of weak contributors to stand growth can maximize stand productivity, while light thinning can promote the sustainable forest development, and accelerate the positive succession to the primary vegetation in northeastern China. The growth dominance can effectively reflect the growth status of trees in different diameter classes after thinning, and provide rational reference for thinning of trees.

       

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