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    苏丹, 殷小琳, 董智, 慕德宇, 张晓晓, 贾淑友. 白榆无性系生长特性及离子分布对NaCl胁迫的响应[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2017, 39(5): 48-57. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20160279
    引用本文: 苏丹, 殷小琳, 董智, 慕德宇, 张晓晓, 贾淑友. 白榆无性系生长特性及离子分布对NaCl胁迫的响应[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2017, 39(5): 48-57. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20160279
    SU Dan, YIN Xiao-lin, DONG Zhi, MU De-yu, ZHANG Xiao-xiao, JIA Shu-you. Response in growth and ionic distribution of elm clones under NaCl stress[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2017, 39(5): 48-57. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20160279
    Citation: SU Dan, YIN Xiao-lin, DONG Zhi, MU De-yu, ZHANG Xiao-xiao, JIA Shu-you. Response in growth and ionic distribution of elm clones under NaCl stress[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2017, 39(5): 48-57. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20160279

    白榆无性系生长特性及离子分布对NaCl胁迫的响应

    Response in growth and ionic distribution of elm clones under NaCl stress

    • 摘要: 白榆是滨海盐碱地最重要的潜在造林树种,以白榆无性系EC7和EC51为实验材料,采用盆栽实验的方法,研究5种NaCl浓度(0、50、85、120、155 mmol/L)下2个无性系生长状况及Na+、Cl-和K+在各器官的积累特点,以期探索白榆无性系各器官离子分布与积累特征及其对NaCl的响应,比较2个无性系的耐盐性,为白榆无性系在滨海盐碱地的引种栽培提供理论基础。结果显示:1)盐胁迫条件下,白榆无性系叶片黄化、干枯等盐害症状会随着浓度的增大而加重,在155 mmol/L的高盐浓度胁迫下,EC7植株死亡而EC51无死亡现象,且在相同NaCl浓度下EC7的盐害症状较EC51严重;NaCl胁迫明显抑制了白榆无性系生物量的积累,地上部位的抑制现象更加明显,在大于50 mmol/L的盐浓度胁迫下EC7各部分的生物量显著减少(P < 0.05),EC51的生物量变化更加稳定,适应性更强。2) EC7和EC51各器官Na+和Cl-含量随着盐浓度的增加而增加,Na+的分布特点为根>茎>叶。Cl-的分布特点为根>叶>茎。在大于85 mmol/L的盐浓度胁迫下,EC51各器官的Na+含量增加幅度较EC7小;EC51根中的Cl-积累较叶中多,而EC7在叶中积累较多。EC51的离子分配模式减少了盐害离子在光合器官的积累。Cl-含量在茎中最少,由此推断,茎器官可能只是一种传输通道。3) K+在各器官的含量与对照相比显著降低,EC7的降幅较大,在根和叶中尤为明显,EC51在大于85 mmol/L的盐浓度下K+含量变化较稳定,且EC51各器官中K+含量均高于EC7。EC51在茎和叶中K+/ Na+离子比值高于同浓度下EC7,表明EC51更能适应盐胁迫的高渗环境。研究表明,白榆无性系EC7和EC51均有一定的耐盐能力,能够在小于85 mmol/L的环境中良好生长,在盐浓度大于85 mmol/L的胁迫条件下,EC51较EC7有更强的适盐能力。

       

      Abstract: Elm is the most important potential afforestation species in coastal saline soil. Taking Ulmus pumila clones EC7 and EC51 as experimental materials, the growth conditions of 2 clones and accumulation characteristics of Na+, Cl- and K+ in each organ were studied under 5 kinds of NaCl concentrations (0, 50, 85, 120 and 155 mmol/L) with the method of pot experiment for exploration of ion distribution, accumulation characteristics and the response to NaCl in each organ of elm clone. Theory basis was provided for introduction and cultivation of elm clone in coastal saline soil with comparison between salt tolerance capabilities of two clones. Results showed that:1) under the condition of salt stress, salt damage symptoms of elm clone such as etiolated and withered leaves will aggravate with the increase of concentration, and under high salt concentration stress of 155 mmol/L, EC7 plant died while EC51 didn't. Under the same NaCl concentration, salt damage symptom of EC7 was more serious than EC51; NaCl stress had inhibited biomass accumulation of elm clone obviously and inhibition phenomenon on the ground was more obvious. Under the stress of salt concentration more than 50 mmol/L, biomass in each part of EC7 decreased (P < 0.05) significantly while biomass change of EC51 was more stable with stronger adaptability. 2) Contents of Na+ and Cl- in each organ of EC7 and EC51 increased with the increase of salt concentration, and distribution characteristics of Na+ was root > stem > leaf while that of Cl- was root > leaf > stem. Under the stress of salt concentration more than 85 mmol/L, increasing amplitude of Na+ content in each organ of EC51 was smaller than that of EC7 and Cl- accumulation in root was more than that in leaf for EC51, while Cl- accumulation in leaf was more for EC7. Ion distribution mode of EC51 had reduced accumulation of salt damage ions in photosynthetic organ and Cl- content in stem was the minimum. Thus, it can be deduced that stem organ may be just a transmission channel. 3) K+ content in each organ decreased significantly compared with the contrast and the decreasing amplitude of EC7 was greater, especially in root and leaf. Under the salt concentration more than 85 mmol/L, K+ content change in EC51 was relatively stable and K+ content in each organ of EC51 was higher than that of EC7, and the rate of K+/ Na+ in stem and leaf of EC51 was higher than that of EC7 under the same concentration, indicating that EC51 had better adaptability in hypertonic environment with salt stress. Research indicated that elm clones EC7 and EC51 had certain salt tolerance capabilities and can grow well in environment with salt concentration less than 85 mmol/L, while EC51 had stronger salt tolerance capability than EC7 under the stress condition of salt concentration more than 85 mmol/L.

       

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