不同龄组长白落叶松种内及种间竞争研究

罗梅; 陈绍志

doi:10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180126

不同龄组长白落叶松种内及种间竞争研究

罗梅,
陈绍志

Intraspecific and interspecific competition of Larix olgensis plantations in different age groups

摘要

摘要:
目的通过对不同龄组的落叶松人工林种内和种间竞争进行定量分析, 揭示不同龄组的林木生长动态变化, 为长白落叶松人工林的可持续经营与管理提供科学依据。
方法对吉林省汪清林业局金沟岭林场6块样地的落叶松对象木和竞争木进行调查, 利用Hegyi简单竞争模型对不同龄组的落叶松人工林种内和种间竞争进行研究; 采用对数函数、二项式、幂函数、指数函数、Logistic共5种模型对总竞争指数与落叶松对象木胸径间的关系进行回归拟合。
结果(1) 样地a、b、c、d、e、f的种内竞争指数占总竞争指数的比例分别为86.40%、92.81%、61.97%、77.18%、81.42%和93.70%, 种内竞争为林木之间竞争的主要形式。(2)各树种在每个样地中的分布情况不尽相同, 种间竞争指数存在较大差异, 没有一定的规律性。(3)中龄林和近熟林样地落叶松对象木胸径与竞争指数的关系服从幂函数, 成熟林落叶松对象木胸径与竞争指数的关系服从指数函数, 竞争强度随对象木的胸径增大而减小。中龄林对象木的胸径在达到20 cm时, 竞争指数下降较为平稳, 此时对象木受到的竞争较少; 近熟林胸径为25 cm、成熟林胸径为30 cm时, 对象木受到的竞争较小。
结论落叶松人工林的竞争主要来源于种内竞争, 竞争指数随着胸径的增大而降低。

Abstract:
ObjectiveThrough quantitative analysis of intraspecific and interspecific competition of different age groups of larch plantations, the dynamic changes of forest tree growth in different age groups were revealed, which provided scientific basis for the sustainable management of Larix olgensis plantation.
MethodThe investigation of larch subject trees and competitor trees in 6 plots of Jingouling Forest Farm of Wangqing Forestry Bureau in Jilin Province, northeastern China was conducted. Using the Hegyi simple competition model, the intraspecific and interspecific competition of different age groups of larch plantations was studied; a total of five models, including the logarithmic, binomial, power function, index, and logistic model, were used to fit the relationship between the total competition index and the DBH of larch subject trees.
Result(1) The intraspecific competition index of the plots a, b, c, d, e, and f accounted for 86.40%, 92.81%, 61.97%, 77.18%, 81.42%, and 93.70% of the total competition index, the intraspecific competition was the main form of the tree competition. (2) The distribution of every species in each plot was not the same, and there was a large difference in the interspecific competition index, and there was no certain regularity. (3) The relationship between DBH and competition index of larch species in middle-aged and near-mature forests obeyed the power function. The relationship between DBH and competition index of mature larch subject trees obeyed an exponential function, and the competition intensity decreased with DBH increasing of the subject trees. When the DBH of subject trees in middle-aged forest reached 20 cm, the competition index declined stably. At this time, the subject trees was less competitive; when the DBH of subject trees in near-mature forest was 25 cm, and the DBH of subject trees in mature forest was 30 cm, the subject trees were less competitive.
ConclusionThe competition of Larix olgensis plantation mainly comes from intraspecific competition, and the competition index decreases with the increase of DBH.

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