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    秦建鲲, 白天, 邵亚丽, 赵鑫, 李帅, 胡英成. 不同树种多层透明木材的制备与表征[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(7): 113-120. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180137
    引用本文: 秦建鲲, 白天, 邵亚丽, 赵鑫, 李帅, 胡英成. 不同树种多层透明木材的制备与表征[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(7): 113-120. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180137
    Qin Jiankun, Bai Tian, Shao Yali, Zhao Xin, Li Shuai, Hu Yingcheng. Fabrication and characterization of multilayer transparent wood of different species[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2018, 40(7): 113-120. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180137
    Citation: Qin Jiankun, Bai Tian, Shao Yali, Zhao Xin, Li Shuai, Hu Yingcheng. Fabrication and characterization of multilayer transparent wood of different species[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2018, 40(7): 113-120. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180137

    不同树种多层透明木材的制备与表征

    Fabrication and characterization of multilayer transparent wood of different species

    • 摘要:
      目的多层透明木材是真空下层压的透明木材。在保持良好透过率的情况下,这种方法将会极大降低透明木材的各向异性。
      方法本研究选取了3种密度不同但较为常见的树种——0.21 g/cm3的巴尔沙木、0.33 g/cm3的泡桐木和0.49 g/cm3的白椴木为模板制作透明木材,测试其透过率和拉伸性能。并采用层合多层薄木片的方法,制作了最大厚度达10 mm的透明木材。层合时采用同向层合和交错层合两种不同的层合方式,对比了相同厚度的单层木片与多层木片的透过率,以及横纹和顺纹方向的力学性能。
      结果树种不同,制备透明木材的工艺也不同。巴尔沙木密度最小,内部含有较多的孔隙,较易脱木质素和浸渍树脂。泡桐木中抽提成份较多,达8.9%,因此首先需要去除抽提物,打开闭塞的纹孔,提高渗透性。白椴木密度较大,脱木质素较困难,但拉伸性能最好。除了树种的影响外,厚度对透明木材的透过率影响也很大,木片越厚木质素越难去除,因此透过率也就越低。而采用层合的方法有效降低了去除木质素的难度。对比两种层合方式,同向层合制作的透明木材透过率与单层透明木片相似,而异向层合时透过率低于单层透明木片。但异向层合对消除透明木材横纹与顺纹方向的力学性能差异有明显的效果。
      结论本研究拓宽了制备透明木材树种的选择范围,并使制备高厚度低成本的透明木材成为可能。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveMultilayer transparent wood is laminated transparent woods (the same direction or cross direction) under vacuum. This will greatly reduce the anisotropy of transparent wood.
      MethodThis study explored the process of making three kinds of tree species with different densities: balsa (0.21 g/cm3), paulownia (0.33 g/cm3) and basswood (0.49 g/cm3), and tested their transmittance and tensile properties. In order to produce a centimeter thick transparent wood, the lamination method was adopted. The mechanical properties and transmission of single layer and multilayer transparent wood with the same thickness were compared.
      ResultComparing their similarities and differences, balsa wood has the smallest density and contains more space inside, which is easier to remove lignin and impregnate resin. There were many extractive in paulownia (8.9%), hence it needs to be impregnated in sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to removal extractive and open the blocked pits. The density of basswood was 0.49 g/cm3, which caused lignin difficult to remove, but its tensile property was good. Besides the influence of tree species, the thickness had a great influence on transparent wood. The thicker the wood was, the greater the difficulty of removing lignin was. The properties of transparent wood combined with the same direction were closer to the original transparent wood. However, the transmission of transparent wood combined with the cross direction was lower than original transparent wood. But the difference between transverse and longitudinal stretch had been narrowed.
      ConclusionOur study widens the selection of transparent wood species and makes it possible for transparent wood with high thickness and low cost.

       

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