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    邓文红, 赵欣蕊, 张俊琦, 郭惠红. 沙蒿水浸提液化感物质的分离与鉴定[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2019, 41(9): 156-163. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20190086
    引用本文: 邓文红, 赵欣蕊, 张俊琦, 郭惠红. 沙蒿水浸提液化感物质的分离与鉴定[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2019, 41(9): 156-163. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20190086
    Deng Wenhong, Zhao Xinrui, Zhang Junqi, Guo Huihong. Isolation and identification of the allelochemicals in Artemisia ordosica aqueous extracts[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2019, 41(9): 156-163. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20190086
    Citation: Deng Wenhong, Zhao Xinrui, Zhang Junqi, Guo Huihong. Isolation and identification of the allelochemicals in Artemisia ordosica aqueous extracts[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2019, 41(9): 156-163. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20190086

    沙蒿水浸提液化感物质的分离与鉴定

    Isolation and identification of the allelochemicals in Artemisia ordosica aqueous extracts

    • 摘要:
      目的研究沙蒿根、茎、叶和种子水浸提液的化感物质,探究其对沙米种子发芽的影响,为沙蒿在群落演替过程中化感作用的研究提供理论依据。
      方法用超纯水室温浸提沙蒿根、茎、叶和种子48 h,离心,上清液经萃取后得到酸性、中性和碱性浸提液。将3种浸提液分为两部分,一部分用气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对其组分含量进行分析,另一部分用于沙米种子发芽实验。
      结果沙蒿水浸提液酸性组分共检测到35种化合物,根的酸性组分主要为丁二酸(22.42%)和3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(13.13%);茎的酸性组分主要为丁二酸(25.81%)、咖啡酸(13.53%)、3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲酸(12.12%)和2-羟基丙酸(11.13%);叶的酸性组分主要为3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(23.15%)、苯甲酸(16.62%)和3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲酸(15.68%);种子的酸性组分主要为2-羟基丙酸(47.64%)和丁二酸(32.28%)。中性组分共检测到20种化合物,根、茎、叶和种子的主要成分均为2-呋喃丙醇,分别占检测到物质的62.28%、33.10%、47.42%、85.13%。碱性组分共检测到6种化合物,根中主要成分为乙胺(43.80%),茎、叶和种子中主要成分为2-羟基乙胺,分别占检测到物质的53.95%、42.45%、56.29%。沙蒿水浸提液酸性、中性和碱性组分对沙米种子发芽均有抑制作用,其中酸性组分的抑制作用最强,其次为碱性组分,影响最弱的为中性组分。
      结论沙蒿化感物质主要是酸性物质,在沙蒿与其他植物竞争中具有重要作用。不同部位水浸提液所表现出来的化感效应强度不同,表明化感作用与其含有的化感物质的种类与含量有关。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveThe allelochemicals of aqueous extracts from roots, stems, leaves, and seeds of Artemisia ordosica were investigated, and their effects on germination of Agriophyllum squarrosum seeds were also studied, which provided a theoretical basis for better understanding allelopathy in the process of A. ordosica community succession.
      MethodThe roots, stems, leaves and seeds of A. ordosica were extracted with ultrapure water for 48 hours at room temperature, centrifugated, and the supernatants were separated into acidic, neutral and alkaline extracts by re-extraction. These extracts were respectively divided into two parts (1/40 for the GC-MS analysis, 39/40 for A. squarrosum seed germination experiment).
      ResultThirty-five compounds were identified in the acidic extracts of A. ordosica. Succinic acid (22.42%) and 3,4- dihydroxybenzoic acid (13.13%) were main compounds in roots. Succinic acid (25.81%), caffeic acid (13.53%), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid (12.12%), and 2-hydroxypropionic acid (11.13%) were main compounds in stems. 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (23.15%), benzoic acid (16.62%), and 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid (15.68%) were main compounds in leaves. 2-hydroxypropionic acid (47.64%) and succinic acid (32.28%) were main compounds in seeds. Twenty compounds were identified in the neutral extracts of A. ordosica. 2-furan propanol was main compound in roots, stems, leaves and seeds, accounting for 62.28%, 33.10%, 47.42%, 85.13% of the detected substances, respectively. Six compounds were identified in the alkaline extracts of A. ordosica. Ethylamine (43.80%) was main compound in roots. 2-hydroxyethylamine was main compound in stems, leaves and seeds, and its relative content was 53.95%, 42.45%, 56.29%, respectively. Acidic, neutral and alkaline extracts of A. ordosica all inhibited the germination of A. squarrosum seeds. Among them, the strongest inhibitory effect was observed for the acidic extract, followed by alkaline extract, and the weakest was neutral extract.
      ConclusionThe allelochemicals of A. ordosica are mainly acidic substances, which play an important role in the competition between A. ordosica and other plants. The aqueous extracts of different parts of A. ordosica exhibited different intensity of allelopathic effects, indicating that the allelopathic effect is related to the type and content of allelochemicals.

       

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