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    赵耀, 王百田. 晋西黄土区不同林地植物多样性研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(9): 45-54. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180091
    引用本文: 赵耀, 王百田. 晋西黄土区不同林地植物多样性研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(9): 45-54. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180091
    Zhao Yao, Wang Baitian. Plant diversity of different forestland in the loess region of western Shanxi Province, northern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2018, 40(9): 45-54. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180091
    Citation: Zhao Yao, Wang Baitian. Plant diversity of different forestland in the loess region of western Shanxi Province, northern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2018, 40(9): 45-54. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180091

    晋西黄土区不同林地植物多样性研究

    Plant diversity of different forestland in the loess region of western Shanxi Province, northern China

    • 摘要:
      目的探索不同林地林下植物多样性特征及其与环境因子的相关性, 为黄土高原地区植被恢复与重建工作提供科学依据。
      方法以山西吉县蔡家川流域3种人工林(油松林、刺槐林和油松×刺槐混交林)和2种天然次生林(山杨次生林、辽东栎次生林)为研究对象, 采用标准样地调查法进行植被调查。
      结果结果表明:5种林地类型共出现林下植物52种(灌木植物17种, 草本植物35种), 且不同林地类型林下植物物种组成及分布差异较大, 天然次生林的灌木物种数量明显多于人工林, 而草本物种数量却要少于人工林。5种林地类型的灌木层均匀度指数无显著差异, 物种丰富度指数和多样性指数表现为天然次生林>人工林, 而草本层物种丰富度指数、均匀度指数及多样性指数均表现为人工林>天然次生林。环境因素对林下植物多样性的影响较大, 尤其是郁闭度、土壤含水量及毛管孔隙度对林下植物多样性的影响较为显著。
      结论不同林地林下植物多样性差异显著, 综合考虑灌木及草本层植物组成及多样性特征, 油松×刺槐混交造林方式优于纯林造林方式, 应该在该地区合理扩大油松×刺槐混交造林的面积; 郁闭度是影响林下植物多样性的主要环境因子, 因此可以通过适当开窗疏林来提高林下植物多样性。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveThis study aims to provide scientific basis for the restoration and reconstruction of vegetation in the Loess Plateau by studying the characteristics of plant diversity and its correlations with the environmental factors in different forestland.
      MethodTaking 3 kinds of artificial forests (Pinus tabuliformis forest, Robinia pseudoacacia forest, mixed forest of Pinus tabuliformis and Robinia pseudoacacia)) and 2 kinds of natural secondary forests (Populus davidiana, Quercus liaotungensis) in Caijiachuan Basin of Jixian County, Shanxi Province of northern China as research objects, we carried out vegetation investigation by standard sample land survey method.
      ResultThe results showed that there were 52 species of undergrowth plant, including 17 shrubs and 35 herbs, and the species composition and distribution of different forest types were quite different. The number of shrub species in natural secondary forest was more than artificial forest, but the number of herb species was less than artificial forest. There was no significant difference in the evenness index of shrubs among the five forest types. Species richness index and diversity index both showed natural secondary forest > artificial forest, while the species richness index, evenness index and diversity index of the herb layer all showed as artificial forest > natural secondary forest. Environmental factors had a significant impact on plant diversity, especially canopy density, soil water content and capillary porosity.
      ConclusionThe characteristics of plant diversity varied significantly in different forest types. Considering the composition and diversity of shrubs and herbs, the mixed afforestation of P. tabuliformis and R. pseudoacacia was better than pure afforestation, so the area of mixed forest should be expanded reasonably. In addition, canopy density was the main environmental factors affecting plant diversity. Therefore, the appropriate intervening forest could improve the diversity of undergrowth plants.

       

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