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    关追追, 张彦东. 水曲柳节子时空分布特征与变色规律研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(8): 53-60. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200004
    引用本文: 关追追, 张彦东. 水曲柳节子时空分布特征与变色规律研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(8): 53-60. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200004
    Guan Zhuizhui, Zhang Yandong. Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and discoloration law of Fraxinus mandshurica knot[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(8): 53-60. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200004
    Citation: Guan Zhuizhui, Zhang Yandong. Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and discoloration law of Fraxinus mandshurica knot[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(8): 53-60. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200004

    水曲柳节子时空分布特征与变色规律研究

    Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and discoloration law of Fraxinus mandshurica knot

    • 摘要:
        目的  为了解水曲柳节子时空分布特征和变色规律,并建立节子变色长度的预测模型。
        方法  在49年生的水曲柳和长白落叶松人工混交林中,选取16株水曲柳样木,采用油锯对节子进行解剖,并在实验室内利用20倍放大镜测量节子的属性。
        结果  (1)水曲柳节子径向生长的第1 ~ 5年形成的节子数量最多,占98.1%;第6 ~ 15年形成的死节数量较多,占94.1%;第11 ~ 20年完全愈合的节子数量较多,占73.6%;(2)在垂直分布上,89.5%的节子分布在树干高度10.0 m以下,10.5%的节子分布在树干10.1 ~ 14.0 m的范围;(3)节子变色长度随着节子直径的增加而逐渐增大,当节子直径大于15.00 mm时,变色长度明显增大;(4)节子变色长度随着生角度的增加而显著减小(P < 0.05),但会随着死节半径和节子愈合时间的增加而显著增大(P < 0.05);(5)通过逐步回归分析,筛选出节子直径(KD)、节子总半径(TRK)和节子愈合时间(OT)3个影响节子变色的关键因子,建立了节子变色长度多元回归模型:YDL = 1.557XKD + 0.382XTRK + 1.140XOT - 7.523,相关性达到极显著水平。
        结论  自然整枝条件下,水曲柳节子易发生变色,节子直径、节子总半径以及节子愈合时间是决定节子变色长度的关键因子。在节子直径超过15.00 mm时,变色长度明显增大,因此,当水曲柳枝条直径超过15.00 mm时应及时修枝。

       

      Abstract:
        Objective  The study aims to explore the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and discoloration law of Fraxinus mandshurica knot, and establish the predicting model of discoloration length of knot.
        Method  We selected 16 F. mandshurica sample trees from artificial mixed forests of 49-year-old F. mandshurica and Larix olgensis, and dissected knots with a chainsaw and measured the knot properties using a 20 × magnifying glass in the laboratory.
        Result  (1) The number of formed knots from 1st to 5th radial growth year accounted for the most, reaching 98.1%; the number of dead knots formed from 6th to 15th year accounted for 94.1%; the number of completely occluding knots from 11th to 20th year accounted for 73.6%. (2) 89.5% knots located below 10.0 m, and 10.5% knots located between 10.1 and 14.0 m of trunk height in the vertical distribution. (3) The discoloration length of knot increased with the increase of knot diameter. When the knot diameter was greater than 15.00 mm, the discoloration length of knot increased significantly. (4) The discoloration length of knot significantly decreased with the increase of insertion angle of knot (P < 0.05), but significantly increased with the increase of radius of dead knot and the occlusion time of knot (P < 0.05). (5) The study filtered three key factors, i.e. knot diameter (KD), total radius of knot (TRK) and occlusion time of knot (OT) , to establish a multiple regression model of the discoloration length of knot by the stepwise regression method: YDL = 1.557XKD + 0.382XTRK + 1.140XOT − 7.523. The correlation reached a significant level.
        Conclusion  Under the condition of natural pruning, F. mandshurica knot discolors easily. KD, TRK and OT are key factors affecting the discoloration length of knot. When the knot diameter exceeds 15.00 mm, the discoloration length of knot increases significantly. Therefore, when the branch diameter of F. mandshurica exceeds 15.00 mm, pruning should be taken in time.

       

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