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    王雪琳, 刘金福, 何中声, 吴则焰, 江蓝, 朱静, 邢聪, 谷新光. 格氏栲林窗土壤微生物群落功能多样性季节动态特征[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(7): 77-88. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200052
    引用本文: 王雪琳, 刘金福, 何中声, 吴则焰, 江蓝, 朱静, 邢聪, 谷新光. 格氏栲林窗土壤微生物群落功能多样性季节动态特征[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(7): 77-88. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200052
    Wang Xuelin, Liu Jinfu, He Zhongsheng, Wu Zeyan, Jiang Lan, Zhu Jing, Xing Cong, Gu Xinguang. Seasonal dynamics of functional diversity of soil microbial communities in Castanopsis kawakamii forest gaps[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(7): 77-88. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200052
    Citation: Wang Xuelin, Liu Jinfu, He Zhongsheng, Wu Zeyan, Jiang Lan, Zhu Jing, Xing Cong, Gu Xinguang. Seasonal dynamics of functional diversity of soil microbial communities in Castanopsis kawakamii forest gaps[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(7): 77-88. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200052

    格氏栲林窗土壤微生物群落功能多样性季节动态特征

    Seasonal dynamics of functional diversity of soil microbial communities in Castanopsis kawakamii forest gaps

    • 摘要:
        目的  林窗作为森林生态系统中的小尺度干扰,对森林土壤养分循环与微生物群落功能多样性维持起着重要作用。明确不同林窗大小土壤养分和微生物群落功能多样性及其季节动态响应机制,有助于改善格氏栲林土壤生态环境。
        方法  以格氏栲天然林林窗为对象,采用Biolog微平板法,研究不同林窗大小土壤理化性质、碳源利用能力和代谢特征的季节动态变化规律。
        结果  (1)林窗生长季土壤温度、速效钾含量显著高于非生长季,pH值、速效磷含量显著低于非生长季。林窗形成促进了土壤pH值升高与速效钾积累,加速了微生物对碱解氮与速效磷的吸收和利用。(2)林窗生长季土壤微生物平均颜色变化率在培养的中后期显著高于非生长季。林窗内土壤微生物在生长季中主要利用碳源为羧酸、多聚物和氨基酸类,在非生长季中主要利用碳源为氨基酸类和羧酸类。(3)林窗土壤微生物功能多样性指数中,生长季Shannon-Wiener和Pielou指数显著高于非生长季,Simpson指数显著低于非生长季。林窗面积对生长季土壤微生物群落功能多样性指数影响不明显。非生长季小林窗Simpson指数最高,中林窗Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou指数最高。(4)广义线性模型表明,林窗生长季的土壤温度和土壤速效钾含量升高有利于土壤微生物常见种优势度升高;非生长季土壤碱解氮含量降低,速效钾含量升高有利于微生物功能多样性升高。
        结论  生长季林窗内土壤微生物群落功能多样性保持较高水平,土壤养分循环效率高;非生长季非林窗土壤环境有利于土壤微生物生长代谢,维持土壤生态系统功能。林窗形成导致土壤温度与速效养分含量的异质性是影响土壤微生物群落代谢特征和功能多样性的主要因素。

       

      Abstract:
        Objective  As a small-scale disturbance in the forest ecosystem, the forest gap plays an important role in nutrient cycling and functional diversity of microbial community in the soil of forest. Clarifying the seasonal dynamic response mechanism of soil nutrients and functional diversity of microbial community to the forest size will help to improve the soil ecological environment of Castanopsis kawakamii forests.
        Method  The gaps of C. kawakamii natural forests were used as research objects, and the Biolog micro-plate method was used, combining the regularity of soil physical and chemical properties, carbon source utilization capacity and metabolic characteristics with different size of forest gaps during growing season and non-growing season.
        Result  (1) The soil temperature (ST), available potassium (AK) content in the growing season of the gaps were significantly higher than those in the non-growing season, and pH value, available phosphorus (AP) content were significantly lower than those in the non-growing season. The formation of forest gaps promoted the increase of soil pH value and the accumulation of available potassium (AK), and accelerated the absorption and utilization of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (HN) and available phosphorus (AP) by microorganisms. (2) The average well color development (AWCD) of soil microorganisms in the growing season of the forest gaps was significantly higher than that in the non-growing season in the middle and late cultivation periods. The soil microorganisms of the forest gaps mainly used carboxylic acid, polymer, and amino acid carbon sources in the growing season, and mainly used the carbon sources as amino acid and carboxylic acid carbon sources in the non-growing season. (3) In soil microbial functional diversity indexes of forest gaps, Shannon-Wiener and Pielou indices in the growing season of the forest gaps were significantly higher than those in the non-growing season, and the Simpson index was significantly lower than in the non-growing season. Gap size had no significant effect on the functional diversity index of microbial community during the growing season. The Simpson index of the soil microbial community in the non-growing small forest window was the highest. The Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index of the medium gaps were the highest. (4) Generalized linear model (GLM) analysis showed that increasing soil temperature (ST) and soil available potassium (AK) in the growing season of the forest gaps were conducive to increasing the dominance of common soil microorganism species. The reduction of soil alkaline nitrogen (HN) content and the increase of available potassium (AK) content in non-growing seasons were conducive to the increase of microbial diversity and uniformity.
        Conclusion  Functionaldiversity of soil microbial community of the forest gaps during the growing season is maintained at a high level, and the soil nutrient cycling efficiency is high. The soil environment of non-gaps during the non-growing season is conducive to the growth and metabolism of soil microorganisms and maintains the function of the soil ecosystem. Heterogeneity of soil temperature and available nutrient content caused by the formation of forest gaps is the main factor affecting the metabolic characteristics and functional diversity of soil microbial communities.

       

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