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    范秀华, 徐程扬. 长白山不同演替阶段森林群落分类结构形成机制[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2019, 41(3): 24-32. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180301
    引用本文: 范秀华, 徐程扬. 长白山不同演替阶段森林群落分类结构形成机制[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2019, 41(3): 24-32. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180301
    Fan Xiuhua, Xu Chengyang. Formation mechanism of taxonomic structures for forest communities in different successional stages in Changbai Mountains of northeastern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2019, 41(3): 24-32. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180301
    Citation: Fan Xiuhua, Xu Chengyang. Formation mechanism of taxonomic structures for forest communities in different successional stages in Changbai Mountains of northeastern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2019, 41(3): 24-32. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180301

    长白山不同演替阶段森林群落分类结构形成机制

    Formation mechanism of taxonomic structures for forest communities in different successional stages in Changbai Mountains of northeastern China

    • 摘要:
      目的群落分类结构是群落内物种组成的一种直观反映形式,群落分类结构指标与零假设模型的差异能够反映出局域生态学过程(环境过滤和种间竞争等)对群落分类结构形成的影响。
      方法基于长白山地区3块处于不同演替阶段的阔叶红松林样地数据,本文首先分析了长白山典型群落在不同空间尺度上的分类结构特征,并利用群落随机零模型计算标准化差异值(SES)判断影响群落构建的主要生态学过程。
      结果研究结果表明:长白山地区处于不同演替阶段的森林群落分类结构均具有一定的尺度依赖性,随着尺度的增大,属种比和科种比呈现下降趋势。幂函数模型能够很好地拟合3块样地的属−种关系和科−种关系。通过比较实际群落与随机群落分类结构的差异,我们发现在局域尺度上,次生针阔混交林和椴树红松林的属种比和科种比均显著低于随机群落(SES为负值),次生杨桦林群落属种比的SES值则在绝大多数尺度上为正值。
      结论环境过滤和扩散的限制作用对次生针阔混交林和原始椴树红松林群落分类结构形成的影响要强于种间竞争,而在次生杨桦林中,竞争作用始终占据主导作用。群落的分类结构受到多种生态学过程的综合影响,它们的相对作用强度会随尺度和演替阶段的变化而发生改变。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveTaxonomic structures are the intuitive reflection of the species compositions of communities and they can reflect the regulation of local processes, such as environmental filtering and interspecific competition.
      MethodBased on the species composition data collected in three large forest observational field studies, the taxonomic structures of the communities were analyzed at different sampling scales. Random null model was used and the “standardized effect size” (SES) of taxonomic ratios was calculated.
      ResultAs expected, the taxonomic ratios declined with increasing grain size in all plots. The quantitative relationship between genera/families and species, described by a linearized power function, showed a good fit. In the mixed conifer and broadleaved forest and Tilia sp.-Korean pine forest, the taxonomic ratios of the observed communities had significantly lower values than those of the simulated random community under the test of null model at almost all scales. But that was not the case for the secondary poplar-birch forest, SES was larger than 0.
      ConclusionThe results suggest that the effect of abiotic filtering is greater than the effect of interspecific competition in shaping the local community for the mixed conifer and broadleaved forest and Tilia sp.-Korean pine forest. In the secondary poplar-birch forest, competition dominated the taxonomic structure of the community. Local processes do influence the taxonomic structure, but their combined effects may vary with scale and successional stages.

       

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