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    白宇, 杨华, 温静, 王全军. 基于邻近木的林分结构多样性研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(6): 52-58. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190120
    引用本文: 白宇, 杨华, 温静, 王全军. 基于邻近木的林分结构多样性研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(6): 52-58. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190120
    Bai Yu, Yang Hua, Wen Jing, Wang Quanjun. Study on forest structure diversity based on the neighbourhood trees[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(6): 52-58. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190120
    Citation: Bai Yu, Yang Hua, Wen Jing, Wang Quanjun. Study on forest structure diversity based on the neighbourhood trees[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(6): 52-58. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190120

    基于邻近木的林分结构多样性研究

    Study on forest structure diversity based on the neighbourhood trees

    • 摘要:
      目的林分是森林生物多样性的重要组成部分,典型多样性指数由于其复杂性或缺乏生态相关性,不能在空间尺度进行分析,因此无法反映物种和空间结构的内部变化。
      方法以吉林省汪清县金沟岭林场的落叶松−云冷杉混交林为例,采用相邻格子法建立了2块60 m × 60 m典型样地,对描述邻近木空间单元多样性的新指数——邻近木多样性指数进行评估。
      结果(1)研究区落叶松−云冷杉林直径结构曲线呈多峰的反“J”型曲线,中小径阶林木所占比例较高,大径阶林木较少,径阶株数分布连续且较为合理。(2)落叶松−云冷杉林的物种多样性和林木直径大小多样性高,树种和径阶分布较为均匀,混交程度强,水平结构变异大,林分结构复杂。(3)按3种邻近木多样性指数(物种多样性Hs、按径阶分布的结构多样性Hdcd、按直径变化的结构多样性Sdv)的分析结果与传统的Shannon多样性指数的结果保持一致,对具有相似结构的林分计算时得到了接近的指数值。
      结论邻近木多样性指数可以描述林分多样性及空间结构特征,并反映物种和结构多样性的空间变化,且具有明显的生态意义,可应用于林分结构调整,为森林合理经营提供理论依据。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveStand is an important part of forest biodiversity. Due to its complexity or lack of ecological relevance, the typical diversity index cannot be analyzed on a spatial scale and therefore cannot reflect the internal changes of species and spatial structure.
      MethodTaking the spruce-fir forest in Jin’gouling Forest Farm in Wangqing County of Jilin Province, northeastern China as an example, two 60 m × 60 m typical sample plots were set by contiguous grid quadrat method, and a new index describing the diversity of spatial structural units-neighbourhood diversity index was evaluated.
      Result(1) The diameter structure curve of spruce-fir forest in the study area is multi-peak anti-J-shaped curve. The proportion of forests with small and medium-order diameter was higher, the trees with large diameter were less, and the distribution of diameters was continuous and reasonable. (2) The species diversity and tree diameter of the spruce-fir forest were high, tree species and the diameter distribution were relatively uniform, the degree of mixing was strong, the horizontal structure was highly variable, and the stand structure was complex. (3) Results of the analysis of three neighbourhood diversity indices (species diversity, structural diversity by diameter distribution, and structural diversity by diameter variation) were consistent with the results of the Shannon diversity index, and the close index values were obtained for stand with similar structure.
      ConclusionThe neighbourhood diversity index can describe the diversity of forest stands and spatial structure characteristics, and reflect the spatial variation of species and structure diversity, and has obvious ecological significance. It can be applied to the structural adjustment of forest stands and provide a theoretical basis for rational forest management.

       

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