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    毛彦科, 张平冬, 石乐, 董春波, 索玉静, 康向阳. 高温诱导杜仲2n花粉最佳处理条件研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2013, 35(1): 53-58.
    引用本文: 毛彦科, 张平冬, 石乐, 董春波, 索玉静, 康向阳. 高温诱导杜仲2n花粉最佳处理条件研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2013, 35(1): 53-58.
    MAO Yan-ke, ZHANG Ping-dong, SHI Le, DONG Chun-bo, SUO Yu-jing, KANG Xiang-yang.. The optimum conditions for inducing 2n pollen chromosome doubling by high temperature in Eucommia ulmoides[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2013, 35(1): 53-58.
    Citation: MAO Yan-ke, ZHANG Ping-dong, SHI Le, DONG Chun-bo, SUO Yu-jing, KANG Xiang-yang.. The optimum conditions for inducing 2n pollen chromosome doubling by high temperature in Eucommia ulmoides[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2013, 35(1): 53-58.

    高温诱导杜仲2n花粉最佳处理条件研究

    The optimum conditions for inducing 2n pollen chromosome doubling by high temperature in Eucommia ulmoides

    • 摘要: 在掌握杜仲小孢子母细胞减数分裂规律的基础上,采用“树木非离体枝芽加热处理装置”处理发育到一定程度的杜仲雄花芽,研究了小孢子母细胞减数分裂时期、处理温度以及持续时间等因素对杜仲2n花粉诱导比率的影响,探讨高温诱导杜仲2n花粉的适宜条件。结果表明:杜仲雄花芽的长度、直径以及花药伸出鳞片的长度与小孢子母细胞减数分裂进程有显著相关性,可以作为初步判别减数分裂进程的参照;引入“加权减数分裂时期”的概念更有利于解决各同步性较差的处理材料发育时期的确定问题,且有利于不同处理的数量化对比分析;施加高温处理诱导杜仲2n花粉时,花粉母细胞减数分裂时期、处理温度和持续处理时间对2n花粉诱导率有显著影响,高温诱导杜仲花粉染色体加倍的最佳处理时期是一个比较宽泛的时间过程,在小孢子母细胞减数分裂的双线期、终变期、中期Ⅰ、后期Ⅰ、中期Ⅱ施加高温处理,均可获得超过40%的2n花粉诱导率;杜仲雄花芽对高温处理相对不敏感,需要更高的处理温度和较长的持续处理时间。

       

      Abstract: Based on the rule of meiosis of microspore, the effects of high temperature, duration and meiotic stages on percentage of 2n pollen were determined by a “living tree hightemperature doubler” using Eucommia ulmoides as the experimental material. The optimum conditions of 2n pollen induction were discussed. The experimental results indicated that significant correlations were found between meiotic stages and mean length, and mean diameter of male buds, and mean exposure length of anther. Thus these morphological indexes could be considered as a marker to the process of meiosis. The concept of weighted mean stage was taken into determination of meiotic stages in asynchronous studied material, which helped compare the quantified differences derived from different treatment combinations. Significant effects on induction percentage of 2n pollen from meiotic stages, high temperature and duration were observed when 2n pollen was induced by high temperature. To some extent, the optimum stage for pollen chromosome doubling by high temperature was a extensive process of meiotic stages. Exceeding 40% of 2n pollen could be obtained by high temperature treatment during diplotene, diakinesis, metaphse Ⅰ, anaphase Ⅰ and metaphse Ⅱ, respectively. Sensitivity to high temperature for male buds was relatively low in E. ulmoides. Therefore, a higher temperature and longer duration are needed when 2n pollen is induced by high temperature treatment.

       

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