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    王安宁, 刘歌畅, 徐学华, 李晓刚, 李玉灵. 铁尾矿废弃地不同复垦年限土壤质量评价[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(1): 104-113. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20180240
    引用本文: 王安宁, 刘歌畅, 徐学华, 李晓刚, 李玉灵. 铁尾矿废弃地不同复垦年限土壤质量评价[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(1): 104-113. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20180240
    Wang Anning, Liu Gechang, Xu Xuehua, Li Xiaogang, Li Yuling. Evaluation of soil quality in iron tailing ore wastelands of various reclamation periods[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(1): 104-113. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20180240
    Citation: Wang Anning, Liu Gechang, Xu Xuehua, Li Xiaogang, Li Yuling. Evaluation of soil quality in iron tailing ore wastelands of various reclamation periods[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(1): 104-113. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20180240

    铁尾矿废弃地不同复垦年限土壤质量评价

    Evaluation of soil quality in iron tailing ore wastelands of various reclamation periods

    • 摘要:
      目的研究不同复垦年限对铁尾矿废弃地土壤质量的影响,为揭示铁尾矿废弃地复垦土壤演替规律、生态治理提供依据。
      方法本文以唐山迁安马兰庄镇不同复垦年限(1、3、5、7和15年)铁尾矿废弃地为研究对象,以裸尾矿为对照,综合考虑0 ~ 20 cm、20 ~ 40 cm、40 ~ 60 cm土层土壤理化性质和生物学性状,通过灰色关联度模型和相关关系分析法构建土壤质量评价最小数据集,并以隶属度函数计算指标隶属度,以主成分分析法确定指标权重,最后运用加权求和模型对铁尾矿区复垦土壤质量进行评价。
      结果土壤质量评价适用的最小数据集(MDS)包括5项指标:真菌、磷酸酶、脲酶、非毛管孔隙度和全氮,磷酸酶和脲酶因子荷载量和灰色关联度均较大,是评价该区复垦土壤质量的关键性指标。基于最小数据集的土壤质量指数(MDS-SQI)与基于全体数据集的土壤质量指数(TDS-SQI)有极显著相关关系(R2 = 0.911),加权求和模型计算结果显示不同复垦年限土壤质量指数(SQI)大小顺序为复垦15年 > 7年 > 5年 > 3年 > 1年 > 裸尾矿。复垦1 ~ 15年间土壤质量综合值呈回归式抛物线增加,复垦1 ~ 7年内土壤质量提高缓慢,恢复7年后土壤质量迅速恢复,至第15年达到最大值。不同复垦年限土壤质量垂直剖面变异趋势基本表现为随土深的增加逐渐下降。
      结论土地复垦可改善铁尾矿废弃地土壤质量。该结论为揭示铁尾矿废弃地复垦土壤演替规律、生态治理提供依据。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveThe effects of different reclamation periods on the soil quality of iron tailing ore wasteland were studied, which provided a basis for revealing the succession law and ecological management of reclaimed soil in iron tailing ore wasteland.
      MethodThis paper treats the iron tailing ore wastelands with various reclamation periods (1, 3, 5, 7 and 15 years) in Malanzhuang Town, Qian’an of Tangshan, northern China as the objects of study, while the bare tailings as the control; meanwhile, the minimum dataset (MDS) for evaluating soil quality was constructed through the gray correlation degree model and correlation analysis, after taking the soil physiochemical and biological characters in 0−20 cm, 20−40 cm and 40−60 cm soil layers into comprehensive consideration. Moreover, the index membership was calculated by the membership function, while the index weight was determined using principal component analysis (PCA), and the quality of the reclaimed soils in iron tailings was finally evaluated using the weighted summation model.
      ResultThe results suggested that the MDS applicable for soil quality evaluation should include 5 indexes, namely, fungus, phosphatase, urease, non-capillary porosity and total nitrogen, among which, phosphatase and urease factor loading amount displayed great gray correlation degrees, which were the key indexes for evaluating the reclaimed soil quality in that area. Besides, the MDS-based soil quality index (MDS-SQI) displayed extremely significant correlation with the total data set-based SQI (TDS-SQI) (R2 = 0.911), the results calculated by the weighted summation model indicated that, the SQI of various reclamation years followed the order of reclamation for 15 years > 7 years > 5 years > 3 years > 1 year > bare tailings. In addition, the soil quality comprehensive value during reclamation for 1−15 years was increased in a regression parabola manner, among which, the soil quality was slowly improved within reclamation for 1−7 years, but it was rapidly recovered after reclamation for 7 years and peaked at 15 years of reclamation. Additionally, the vertical section variation trend of soil quality at various reclamation years was basically decreased with the increase in soil depth.
      ConclusionSoil reclamation can improve the soil quality in iron tailing ore wasteland, which can provide reference for revealing the evolutionary changes and ecological management of reclaimed soils in iron tailing ore wastelands.

       

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