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    王飞, 满秀玲, 段北星. 春季冻融期寒温带主要森林类型土壤氮矿化特征[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(3): 14-23. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190359
    引用本文: 王飞, 满秀玲, 段北星. 春季冻融期寒温带主要森林类型土壤氮矿化特征[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(3): 14-23. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190359
    Wang Fei, Man Xiuling, Duan Beixing. Characteristics of soil nitrogen mineralization in the main forest types in cold temperate zone during the spring freezing-thawing period[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(3): 14-23. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190359
    Citation: Wang Fei, Man Xiuling, Duan Beixing. Characteristics of soil nitrogen mineralization in the main forest types in cold temperate zone during the spring freezing-thawing period[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(3): 14-23. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190359

    春季冻融期寒温带主要森林类型土壤氮矿化特征

    Characteristics of soil nitrogen mineralization in the main forest types in cold temperate zone during the spring freezing-thawing period

    • 摘要:
      目的春季冻融期是连接冬季与生长季的关键时期,期间强烈的温度变化可能深刻影响土壤生态过程。研究春季土壤冻融过程对氮素矿化的影响,揭示我国寒温带地区冻融对土壤氮矿化的影响规律,为寒温带地区森林生态系统氮素研究和森林生产力评价提供理论依据。
      方法本研究以寒温带地区3种典型森林(兴安落叶松林、樟子松林、白桦林)为研究对象,利用树脂芯法测定和分析了在春季解冻期间土壤无机氮(NH4+-N、NO3-N)以及净氨化速率、净硝化速率、氮矿化速率的动态变化。
      结果寒温带春季冻融期3种林型土壤无机氮含量均表现出释放特征,且在冻融末期有大幅增加趋势,但不同林型其变化规律有所不同,3种林型土壤铵态氮含量占无机氮含量的83.91% ~ 97.22%,是春季冻融期土壤无机氮的主要存在形式。冻融循环期间兴安落叶松林、樟子松林和白桦林0 ~ 10 cm土层土壤净氮矿化速率分别增加了1.86、6.18和0.25倍。10 ~ 20 cm土层土壤净氮矿化速率除兴安落叶松林有所降低外,樟子松林和白桦林土壤净氮矿化速率分别增加了4.09和2.25倍。土壤净氨化速率占土壤净氮矿化速率的73.47% ~ 96.76%,土壤氮矿化以氨化作用为主。土壤含水量是土壤有机氮矿化作用的主要影响因素。
      结论寒温带冻融作用有利于土壤有机氮的矿化,且阔叶林土壤氮矿化对冻融循环的响应强于针叶林。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveThe spring freezing-thawing period is a critical period connecting winter and growing season, during which intense temperature changes may profoundly affect soil ecological processes. We studied the effects of soil freezing-thawing on soil nitrogen mineralization in spring, and revealed the law of the effects of freezing-thawing on soil nitrogen mineralization in the cold temperate zone of northeastern China, so as to provide theoretical basis for the study of forest ecosystem nitrogen and forest productivity evaluation in the cold temperate zone.
      MethodIn this study, the dynamic changes of soil inorganic nitrogen (NH4+-N, NO3-N), net ammoniation rate, net nitrification rate and nitrogen mineralization rate during spring thawing were measured and analyzed by resin core method in three typical forests (Larix gmelinii forest, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forest, and Betula platyphylla forest) in the cold temperate zone.
      ResultThe contents of inorganic nitrogen in the soil of the three types of forests in the spring freezing-thawing period of the cold temperate zone all showed release characteristics, and increased significantly at the end of freezing-thawing period. However, the variation rules of the three types of forests were different. The content of ammonium nitrogen in the soil of the three types of forests accounted for 83.91%−97.22% of the content of inorganic nitrogen, which was the main existing form of soil inorganic nitrogen in the spring freezing-thawing period. During the freezing-thawing cycle, the net nitrogen mineralization rate of Larix gmelinii forest, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forest, and Betula platyphylla forest in 0−10 cm soil layer increased by 1.86 times, 6.18 times and 0.25 times, respectively. The net nitrogen mineralization rate of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forest, and Betula platyphylla forest in 10−20 cm soil layer increased by 4.09 times and 2.25 times, respectively, excepting for the decrease of Larix gmelinii forest. Moreover, the net ammonia mineralization rate of soil accounted for 73.47%−96.76% of the net nitrogen mineralization rate of soil, and the main nitrogen mineralization in soil was ammonia. Soil moisture content was the main influencing factor for soil organic nitrogen mineralization.
      ConclusionFreezing-thawing in the cold temperate zone is beneficial to the mineralization of soil organic nitrogen, and the response of soil nitrogen mineralization in broadleaved forest to freezing-thawing cycle is stronger than that in coniferous forest.

       

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