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    张帅, 丁国栋, 高广磊, 赵媛媛, 于明含, 包岩峰, 王春媛. 风沙区公路防积沙的新型防护栏研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(2): 90-97. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170353
    引用本文: 张帅, 丁国栋, 高广磊, 赵媛媛, 于明含, 包岩峰, 王春媛. 风沙区公路防积沙的新型防护栏研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(2): 90-97. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170353
    Zhang Shuai, Ding Guo-dong, Gao Guang-lei, Zhao Yuan-yuan, Yu Ming-han, Bao Yan-feng, Wang Chun-yuan. Study on new highway guardrail for anti-sediment in sand area[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2018, 40(2): 90-97. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170353
    Citation: Zhang Shuai, Ding Guo-dong, Gao Guang-lei, Zhao Yuan-yuan, Yu Ming-han, Bao Yan-feng, Wang Chun-yuan. Study on new highway guardrail for anti-sediment in sand area[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2018, 40(2): 90-97. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170353

    风沙区公路防积沙的新型防护栏研究

    Study on new highway guardrail for anti-sediment in sand area

    • 摘要:
      目的防护栏是保障公路交通安全的重要防护措施,但单一的设计并不能与多种环境相适应。在风沙区的实践活动中发现,安装防护栏的路段常会出现带状积沙,本文针对这一现状,在实地调查的基础上,从空气动力学的角度进行研究,为风沙区路面积沙提供解决方案。
      方法以公路防护栏为研究对象,对护栏板进行不同孔隙度、不同孔型的改造,利用风洞模拟、克里金插值等方法,分析不同孔洞防护栏对路面风速流场的影响,并计算不同类型防护栏对绝对含沙量的影响,选取适当的配置,达到防止路面积沙的目的。
      结果传统防护栏背风侧路面近地表风速下降至原风速的80%,在风速为5、8、11 m/s的条件下风沙流绝对含沙量分别下降了44.7%、64.8%和75.1%,护栏板对风沙流的阻挡作用是导致路面积沙的重要因素;新型防护栏能提高风沙流绝对含沙量,大孔型、小孔型防护栏对绝对含沙量的影响随孔隙度没有明显的规律性,但均低于初始水平,长条状孔型防护栏对绝对含沙量的影响随孔隙度的增大而减小,孔隙度达到0.3时绝对含沙量达到初始水平;风沙流结构中含沙量最高的近地表层中,不同孔型防护栏对风速的影响呈现出一致的规律性,随孔隙度的增大而减小,其中大孔型防护栏和小孔型防护栏在不同孔隙度条件下背风侧稳定后风速均小于初始风速,孔隙度为0.3和0.4的长条状孔型防护栏后稳定速度达到初始风速;从风速流场来看,传统防护栏后沿风向形成明显的减速区和低速区,长条状孔型防护栏后风速流场结构较为稳定。
      结论孔隙度为0.3和0.4的长条状孔型防护栏能起到改善路面风速流场,防止沙区公路积沙的作用。未来针对防护栏的研究应在符合安全标准的基础上,针对不同的行车环境进行相适应的改造,使其充分发挥防护作用。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveThe guardrail is an important protection measure for the safety of highway traffic, but the single design can't adapt to various environments. With the practical activity in the sand area, it is found that banded sediment often appears in the sections of the guardrail. In view of this situation, on the basis of field investigation, from the perspective of aerodynamics, this study is to provide a solution for deposited sand in sandy region.
      MethodTaking the highway guardrail as the research object, and reforming the guardrail with different porosity and orifice types, using wind tunnel simulation, Kriging interpolation and other methods, the impact of different guardrail on wind velocity flow field was analysed, and the impact of different types of guardrail on the absolute sediment concentration was calculated to select the appropriate configuration to achieve the purpose of preventing sand in the road.
      ResultThe wind speed near the surface on the lee side of the traditional guardrail decreased to 80% of the original wind speed. Under the conditions of 5, 8 and 11 m/s, the absolute sediment concentration decreased by 44.7%, 64.8% and 75.1%, blocking effect of guardrail on wind sand flow is an important factor leading to the road sand. The new guardrail can improve the absolute sediment concentration of sand flow, and the effects of macropore and small hole guardrail on absolute sediment concentration had no obvious regularity with the porosity but lower than the initial level. The influence of strip on the absolute sediment concentration decreased with the increase of porosity. When the porosity reached 0.3, the absolute sediment concentration reached the initial level. In the near-surface layer with the highest sediment concentration in the wind-blown sand structure, the influence of different hole-type guardrails on the wind speed showed a consistent regularity, which decreased with the increase of the porosity. The stable wind speed at the leeward side of the macroreticular and the small fence was smaller than the initial wind speed under the condition of different porosities. The stability velocity of the strip guardrail with porosity of 0.3 and 0.4 reached the initial wind speed. From the wind speed flow field, at the leeward side of the traditional protection fence, obvious deceleration zone and low speed zone were formed along the wind direction, and the wind speed flow field structure of strip hole guardrail was more stable.
      ConclusionThe guardrail with 0.3 and 0.4 porosities can improve the wind speed flow field and prevent sand accumulation in sandy region. In the future, research on guardrail should adapt to different driving environments based on safety standards so as to make full use of the guardrail.

       

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