Objective To clarify the impact of spatial justice on spatial vitality, so as to provide a scientific basis for optimizing park construction and resource allocation, and offer new perspectives for related research and practice.

Method This study selected 79 parks within the Third Ring Road of Shenyang as research subjects. Multi-dimensional measurement techniques were employed to extract park spatial vitality and justice characteristics. Bivariate local autocorrelation tests were used to examine the correlation between spatial justice and spatial vitality. Geographic detectors and geographically weighted regression were utilized to identify significant influencing factors and analyze their impact on spatial vitality, as well as the interactions among these factors.

Result (1) Park spatial justice attributes were significantly positively correlated with vitality, with the correlation varying based on the geographical location of the parks. (2) Ten factors, including A1 (diversity of site types within the park) and B1 (clarity and legibility of park signage systems), had a significant impact on spatial vitality, generally showing a positive effect, though the impact on spatial vitality was nonlinear. (3) Park vitality was influenced by the interaction of multiple factors rather than the independent action of a single factor, with the interaction effect of B1 being the most significant. When any factor within the dimension of recognition justice interacted with either A1 or B1, the interactive contribution rate consistently exceeded 50%. (4) When activity venues were limited, site diversity had a prominent impact on spatial vitality.

Conclusion Based on the study of 79 parks in the main urban area of Shenyang, this study quantified the impact of spatial justice on spatial vitality and revealed the underlying mechanisms, providing a new perspective for optimizing park design in the main urban area of Shenyang.