Soil water characteristics of forestlands in the Simian Mountains of Chongqing southwestern China
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Graphical Abstract
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Abstract
Soil water holding and storage capacities, as well as infiltration properties of different forestlands were studied in the Simian Mountains of Chongqing, southwestern China. The results showed that soils in the mixed broadleaf-conifer forests had the highest water holding capacity and storage capacity, with a saturated water capacity of 274.43 t/hm2 and a non-capillary water capacity of 66.05 t/hm2. The effective water storage capacity of natural secondary mixed forests was 107.82 t/hm2, while that of the plantations was 123.36 t/hm2. The water infiltration capacity of broadleaved forests was larger than that of mixed forests and conifer forests. The initial and stable soil infiltration rates of natural secondary broadleaved forests were 46.500 and 3.257 mm/min, respectively, and of plantations 37.917 and 2.088 mm/min, respectively. Hortons infiltration model best fitted the data on the infiltration process of forest soils in this region (r=0.959). Therefore, the natural secondary forests were better than the plantations with regard to their soil water holding capacity, storage capacity and infiltration property. Plantation management should be strengthened to improve soil water properties.
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