- Scopus
- Chinese Science Citation Database (CSCD)
- A Guide to the Core Journal of China
- CSTPCD
- F5000 Frontrunner
- RCCSE
| Citation: |
Zhou Lai, Cheng Xiaofang, Zhang Mengtao. Effects of forest gaps on understory species diversity of Larix principis-rupprechtii natural secondary forest[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2024, 46(6): 48-56. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20220223
|
The aim of this study was to study the effects of gap size and light factor on understory plant diversity in the Larix principis-rupprechtii natural secondary forest.
Taking the natural secondary Larix principis-rupprechtii forest in Guandi Mountain of northern China as the research object, 12 gaps were selected according to the area grade, and three 5 m × 5 m quadrats were set in each gap to investigate the shrubs in the quadrats. Each 5 m × 5 m quadrat was set up with a 1 m × 1 m herb investigation quadrat, and another 12 forest control checks (CK) with the same area were set up to investigate vegetation in the same way. Four diversity indicators, Simpson dominance index, Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou evenness index, and Margalef richness index were used to analyze the differences in species composition and species diversity in different area grades of the Larix principis-rupprechtii natural secondary forest. We investigated the light factor indicators of different areas of forest gaps, and analyzed the relationship between light factors and species diversity in different areas of Larix principis-rupprechtii natural secondary forest.
In the 12 forest gaps investigated, a total of 8 species of shrubs and 32 species of herbaceous plants were recorded. The species diversity index of the herb layer in the gap was larger than that in the forest, while the species diversity index of the shrub layer was only higher than the forest gap of grade Ⅲ and grade Ⅳ. In the shrub layer, with the increase of the gap area, the H value of the Shannon-Wiener index showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The H value was the smallest, and both were greater than CK, but there was a significant correlation between the H′ index of the herb layer and the gap area (P < 0.05). In the herb layer, the Shannon-Wiener index H, Simpson index H′, Pielou evenness index Jsw, and Margalef abundance index D were the largest in the small gap, and gradually decreased with the increase of gap area, but it was higher than CK. The D value of the herb layer was higher than that of the shrub layer, and the changing trend of the D value of herb layer with the increase of the gap area was more obvious than that of the shrub layer. The direct radiation, scattered radiation and total radiation in the gap changed significantly with the increase of the gap area (P < 0.05). With the increase of gap area, the amount of scattered radiation and total radiation also increased, and the amount of direct radiation was reduced first and then increased as the area of the forest gap increased, and the direct radiation was the smallest when the forest gap area was 70−100 m2.
When the forest gap area is 100−150 m2, it is beneficial to improve the species diversity level of the shrub layer, and it is beneficial to improve the species diversity level of the herb layer when it is 0−50 m2, and the species richness of the understory community is the highest in 50−100 m2. Appropriate light factors in forest gaps are beneficial to increase the diversity of understory vegetation species, however, too high light factor is not conducive to the formation of understory vegetation diversity. Therefore, in the process of protection of forest species diversity of Larix principis-rupprechtii natural secondary forests, small and medium-sized gaps should be the focuses.
| [1] |
马克平, 钱迎倩. 生物多样性保护及其研究进展[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 1998, 4(1): 95−99.
Ma K P, Qian Y Q. Biodiversity conservation and its research progress[J]. Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 1998, 4(1): 95−99.
|
| [2] |
周来. 落叶松天然林灌草多样性对林分乔木特征的响应[J]. 森林与环境学报, 2023, 43(1): 44−51.
Zhou L. Response of shrub and herb biodiversity to stand arbor characteristics in a natural larch forest[J]. Journal of Forest and Environment, 2023, 43(1): 44−51.
|
| [3] |
刘兵兵, 张波, 赵鹏武, 等. 林窗对大兴安岭南段杨桦次生林林下物种多样性的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 48(4): 65−74.
Liu B B, Zhang B, Zhao P W, et al. Effect of forest gap on understory species diversity of poplar and birch secondary forests in southern section of Daxing’an Mountains[J]. Journal of Northwest A&F University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 48(4): 65−74.
|
| [4] |
谭辉, 朱教君, 康宏樟, 等. 林窗干扰研究[J]. 生态学杂志, 2007, 26(4): 587−594.
Tan H, Zhu J J, Kang H Z, et al. A research review on forest gap disturbance[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2007, 26(4): 587−594.
|
| [5] |
Elias R B, Dias E. Gap dynamics and regeneration strategies in Juniperus-Laurus forests of the Azores Islands[J]. Plant Ecology, 2009, 200(2): 179−189. doi: 10.1007/s11258-008-9442-x
|
| [6] |
Yamamoto S. Gap regeneration of major tree species in different forest types of Japan[J]. Vegetatio, 1996, 127(2): 203−213. doi: 10.1007/BF00044641
|
| [7] |
He Z, Wang L, Jiang L, et al. Effect of micro-environment on species distribution patterns in the regeneration layer of forest gaps and non-gaps in a subtropical natural forest, China[J]. Forests, 2019, 10(2): 90. doi: 10.3390/f10020090
|
| [8] |
Han W, Chen L, Liu J, et al. Effect of gap size and elevation on the regeneration and coexistence of Abies, Betula, and Acer tree species in a subalpine coniferous forest[J]. Forests, 2023, 14(10): 2099. doi: 10.3390/f14102099
|
| [9] |
Dupuy J M, Chazdon R L. Interacting effects of canopy gap, understory vegetation and leaf litter on tree seedling recruitment and composition in tropical secondary forests[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2008, 255(11): 3716−3725. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2008.03.021
|
| [10] |
李兵兵, 秦琰, 刘亚茜, 等. 燕山山地油松人工林林隙大小对更新的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2012, 48(6): 147−151.
Li B B, Qin Y, Liu Y Q, et al. Effects of gap size on regeneration of Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in Yanshan Mountain[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2012, 48(6): 147−151.
|
| [11] |
闫淑君, 洪伟, 吴承祯, 等. 中亚热带常绿阔叶林林隙及其自然干扰特征的研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, 15(7): 1126−1130.
Yan S J, Hong W, Wu C Z, et al. Gaps and their natural disturbance characteristics in mid-subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in Wanmulin[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, 15(7): 1126−1130.
|
| [12] |
崔宁洁, 张丹桔, 刘洋, 等. 马尾松人工林不同大小林窗植物多样性及其季节动态[J]. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(5): 477−490. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00044
Cui N J, Zhang D J, Liu Y, et al. Plant diversity and seasonal dynamics in forest gaps of varying sizes in Pinus massoniana plantations[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(5): 477−490. doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1258.2014.00044
|
| [13] |
江国华, 汪秀琴, 吴泽民. 安徽查湾甜槠林不同大小林隙光因子对比分析[J]. 长江大学学报(自科版), 2017, 14(6): 18−23.
Jiang G H, Wang X Q, Wu Z M. Comparative analysis of gap light factors of Castanopsis eyrei forest with different sizes in Chawan, Anhui[J]. Journal of Yangtze University (Natural Science Edition), 2017, 14(6): 18−23.
|
| [14] |
臧润国, 王伯荪, 刘静艳. 南亚热带常绿阔叶林不同大小和发育阶段林隙的树种多样性研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2000, 11(4): 485−488. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-9332.2000.04.002
Zang R G, Wang B S, Liu J Y. Tree species diversity in gaps of different sizes and developmental stages in lower subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest, South China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2000, 11(4): 485−488. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-9332.2000.04.002
|
| [15] |
赵秀海, 张春雨, 郑景明. 阔叶红松林林隙结构与树种多样性关系研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(12): 2236−2240.
Zhao X H, Zhang C Y, Zheng J M. Correlation between gap structure and tree diversity of mixed-broad-leaved Korean pine forests in northeast China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(12): 2236−2240.
|
| [16] |
Naaf T, Wulf M. Effects of gap size, light and herbivory on the herb layer vegetation in European beech forest gaps[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2007, 244(1−3): 141−149. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.04.020
|
| [17] |
Shabani S, Akbarinia M, Jalali S, et al. The effect of physiographic factors on plant species diversity in forest gaps (case study: Lalis forest, Chalous)[J]. Iranian Journal of Biology, 2010, 23(3): 418−429.
|
| [18] |
Brandani A, Hartshorn G S, Orians G H. Internal heterogeneity of gaps and species richness in Costa Rican tropical wet forest[J]. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 1988, 4(2): 99−119. doi: 10.1017/S0266467400002625
|
| [19] |
Barik S, Pandey H, Tripathi R, et al. Microenvironmental variability and species diversity in tree fall gaps in a sub-tropical broadleaved forest[J]. Vegetatio, 1992, 103(1): 31−40. doi: 10.1007/BF00033414
|
| [20] |
Pedersen B S, Howard J L. The influence of canopy gaps on overstory tree and forest growth rates in a mature mixed-age, mixed-species forest[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2004, 196(2−3): 351−366. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.031
|
| [21] |
陈厦, 桑卫国. 暖温带地区3种森林群落叶面积指数和林冠开阔度的季节动态[J]. 植物生态学报, 2007, 31(3): 431−436. doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0052
Chen X, Sang W G. Dynamics of leaf area index and canopy openness for three forest communities in the warm temperate zone of China[J]. Journal of Plant Ecology (Chinese Version), 2007, 31(3): 431−436. doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2007.0052
|
| [22] |
陈高, 代力民, 周莉. 受干扰长白山阔叶红松林林分组成及冠层结构特征[J]. 生态学杂志, 2004, 23(5): 116−120.
Chen G, Dai L M, Zhou L. Structure of stand and canopy characteristics of disturbed communities of broadleaved Pinus koraiensis forest in Changbai Mountain[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2004, 23(5): 116−120.
|
| [23] |
姚俊宇, 伍炫蓓, 孙千惠, 等. 林窗大小对川西马尾松人工林林下物种多样性和生物量的影响[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2018, 24(2): 214−220.
Yao J Y, Wu X B, Sun Q H, et al. Effects of canopy gap size on understory species diversity and biomass in a Pinus massoniana plantation in western Sichuan[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 2018, 24(2): 214−220.
|
| [24] |
赵桂玲. 林窗研究进展: 国家自然科学基金重点项目部分成果简介[J]. 中国科学基金, 2013, 27(4): 218−221.
Zhao G L. Progress on study of forest gap[J]. China Science Foundation, 2013, 27(4): 218−221.
|
| [25] |
李艳, 姚小兰, 郝建锋, 等. 林窗对川西周公山柳杉人工林林下物种多样性的影响[J]. 西北植物学报, 2015, 35(6): 1238−1245.
Li Y, Yao X L, Hao J F, et al. Effects of forest gap on underforest species diversity in a Cryptomeria fortunei plantation in Zhougong mountain, West Sichuan[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2015, 35(6): 1238−1245.
|
| [26] |
Macfarlane C. Classification method of mixed pixels does not affect canopy metrics from digital images of forest overstorey[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2011, 151(7): 833−840. doi: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.01.019
|
| [27] |
李晖, 杨华, 谢榕. 长白山云冷杉林林隙冠层特征及与幼苗幼树的关系[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2021, 43(7): 54−62.
Li H, Yang H, Xie R. Canopy characteristics in gaps and its relationship with seedlings and saplings in a spruce-fir forest in the Changbai Mountain area of northeastern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2021, 43(7): 54−62.
|
| [28] |
马泽清, 刘琪璟, 曾慧卿, 等. 南方人工林叶面积指数的摄影测量[J]. 生态学报, 2008, 28(5): 1971−1980.
Ma Z Q, Liu Q J, Zeng H Q, et al. Estimation of leaf area index of planted forests in subtropical China by photogrammetry[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2008, 28(5): 1971−1980.
|
| [29] |
周东, 刘国彬. 林窗对子午岭天然辽东栎群落林下植物多样性的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2010, 26(22): 91−98.
Zhou D, Liu G B. Effects of forest gap on plant diversity of natural Quercus liaotungensis community in the Ziwuling Mountain of the Loess Plateau[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2010, 26(22): 91−98.
|
| [30] |
陈国鹏, 鲜骏仁, 曹秀文, 等. 林窗对岷江冷杉幼苗生存过程的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2016, 36(20): 6475−6486.
Chen G P, Xian J R, Cao X W, et al. Effects of canopy gap on the survival dynamics of Abies faxoniana seedlings in a subalpine coniferous forest[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(20): 6475−6486.
|
| [31] |
韩文娟, 袁晓青, 张文辉. 油松人工林林窗对幼苗天然更新的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23(11): 2940−2948.
Han W J, Yuan X Q, Zhang W H. Effects of gap size on seedling natural regeneration in artificial Pinus tabulaeformis plantation[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012, 23(11): 2940−2948.
|
| [32] |
戚裕锋, 杨徐烽, 张奇平, 等. 浙江天童受损常绿阔叶林实验生态学研究(Ⅴ): 不同干扰下植被恢复初期主要树种五年的恢复和更新[J]. 华东师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2010(3): 10−25.
Qi Y F, Yang X F, Zhang Q P, et al. Experimental ecology research on destroyer evergreen broad-leaved forests in TNFP, Zhejiang (Ⅴ): five-year recovery and regeneration of main trees after different disturbances[J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Natural Science), 2010(3): 10−25.
|
| [33] |
汪金松, 范秀华, 范娟, 等. 地上竞争对林下红松生物量分配的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2012, 32(8): 2447−2457. doi: 10.5846/stxb201103140312
Wang J S, Fan X H, Fan J, et al. Effect of aboveground competition on biomass partitioning of understory Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis)[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(8): 2447−2457. doi: 10.5846/stxb201103140312
|
| [34] |
金鹏, 徐明, 冉富菊, 等. 森林光环境特征及其生态作用[J]. 山地农业生物学报, 2023, 42(2): 38−47.
Jin P, Xu M, Ran F J, et al. Characteristics of forest light environment and its ecological effects[J]. Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology, 2023, 42(2): 38−47.
|
| [35] |
王一, 刘江, 张金鑫, 等. 辽东山区天然次生林两个不同坡向林窗光温空间分布特征[J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(4): 933−940.
Wang Y, Liu J, Zhang J X, et al. Spatial distribution characteristics of photosynthetic photon flux density and air temperature in gaps at two different slope directions of secondary forest ecosystem in montane area of eastern Liaoning Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2015, 34(4): 933−940.
|
| [36] |
王荣, 郭志华. 木荷幼苗对常绿阔叶林不同光环境的光合响应[J]. 林业科学研究, 2007, 20(5): 688−693.
Wang R, Guo Z H. Photosynthetic responses of Schima superba grown in different light regimes of subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest[J]. Forest Research, 2007, 20(5): 688−693.
|
| [37] |
张敏, 朱教君. 光温条件对不同种源红松种子萌发的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(6): 613−623. doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0474
Zhang M, Zhu J J. Effects of light and temperature on seed germination of Pinus koraiensis with different provenances[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(6): 613−623. doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2021.0474
|
| [38] |
张立敏, 陈斌, 李正跃. 应用中性理论分析局域群落中的物种多样性及稳定性[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(6): 1556−1563.
Zhang L M, Chen B, Li Z Y. Analysis of the species diversity and community stability in local-community using the Neutral Theory[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(6): 1556−1563.
|
| [39] |
毛志宏, 朱教君. 干扰对植物群落物种组成及多样性的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2006, 26(8): 2695−2701.
Mao Z H, Zhu J J. Effects of disturbances on species composition and diversity of plant communities[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2006, 26(8): 2695−2701.
|
| [40] |
朱教君, 刘足根. 森林干扰生态研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, 15(10): 1703−1710.
Zhu J J, Liu Z G. A review on disturbance ecology of forest[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, 15(10): 1703−1710.
|
Supported by: Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co., Ltd. 
DownLoad: