Distribution characteristics of tree size of <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> var. <i>mongolica</i> nature forest on sandy soil

WAN Pan; LIU Ling; ZHAO Zhong-hua; WANG Qian-xue; HU Yan-bo; WANG Hong-xiang; HUI Gang-ying

doi:10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170132

Journal of Beijing Forestry University > 2017 > 39(7): 1-9. > DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170132

WAN Pan, LIU Ling, ZHAO Zhong-hua, WANG Qian-xue, HU Yan-bo, WANG Hong-xiang, HUI Gang-ying. Distribution characteristics of tree size of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica nature forest on sandy soil[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2017, 39(7): 1-9. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170132

Citation:

PDF (1525 KB)

Distribution characteristics of tree size of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica nature forest on sandy soil

1.
Research Institute of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Chinese Academy of Foresrty, Beijing, 100091, P. R. China
2.
Harbin Research Institute of Forestry Machinery of State Forestry Administration, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150086, P.R.China

More Information

Received Date: April 13, 2017
Revised Date: June 25, 2017
Published Date: June 30, 2017

Graphical Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the univariate distribution and bivariate distribution characteristics of DBH and height of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica nature forests on sandy land at Honghuaerji of Inner Mongolia of northern China in order to provide scientific basis for their sustainable forest management. Two 1 ha Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica nature forest plots with different densities(940 and 1 149 plant/ha) were established and all trees with DBH>5 cm were investigated. Density distribution characteristics of DBH and height and their bivariate distribution were analyzed on whole stand level and on different categorized tree height size classes, and the statistical calculation was implemented in R language software. The results showed that:1) on the whole stand level, the distributions of DBH and height of tree in two plots generally showed double-peak curve. The average DBH in plot 1 and plot 2 was basically the same while average height in plot 2 was greater than plot 1, but number of large size class trees both in terms of DBH and height in plot 1 was greater than plot 2. Analysis based on different categorized height layers showed that distributions of DBH and height of overstory trees were unimodal distribution in both plots and distribution of DBH in plot 1 was normal distribution. Average diameter of overstory trees in both plots was basically the same but average height of overstory trees in plot 2 was greater than plot 1, and number of overstory trees in plot 1 was more than plot 2. Additionally, distributions of DBH and height of understory trees in two plots showed unimodal distribution and the distribution of DBH in plot 2 was normal distribution. Average diameters of understory trees in plot 1 and plot 2 were basically the same but average height of understory trees in plot 2 was more than plot 1, and large trees of overstory trees in plot 2 were also more than plot 1. 2) The bivariate distributions of DBH and height in two plots were multi-peak distribution. Overall, the ratio of large tree size class was more than small tree size class in plot 1, but this situation was opposite in plot 2. Meanwhile, the ratio of height to DBH of large tree size class was less than small tree size class in plot 1, but the ratio was almost the same in plot 2. From different height layer analysis, the ratio of large tree size class was more than small tree size class among overstory trees in the two plots, and the ratio of height to DBH of overstory trees was not significantly different between large and small tree size classes. The ratio of large tree size class was greater than small tree size class among understory trees in plot 1, but this situation was opposite in plot 2, and the ratio of height to DBH of large tree size class was less than small tree size class of underwood in the two plots. Stand density had no obvious effect on average diameter in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica nature forests. High density can elevate the growth of tree height of whole stand, but number of dominant trees of whole stand decreased in high density stand, especially for overstory trees. In the meanwhile, stand density had effect on the distribution of energy in the radial and longitudinal growth of trees, and the biomass was always distributed to tree height growth in the high density stand. Therefore, high density forest should be properly thinned in order to decrease intertree competition, which can allocate tree biomass reasonably and improve the proportion of dominant trees in whole stand. For low density stands, the forest should be taken properly above story thinning in order to improve the growth of understory trees.
- Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica,
- DBH,
- tree height,
- univariate distribution,
- bivariate distribution

FullText(HTML)

References (30)

References

[1]	雷相东, 唐守正.林分结构多样性指标研究综述[J].林业科学, 2002, 38(3):140-146. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2002.03.025 LEI X D, TANG S Z. Indictors on structural diversity within-stand: A review[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2002, 38(3):140-146. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-7488.2002.03.025
[2]	GADOW K V, ZHANG C Y, WEHENKEL C, et al. Forest structure and diversity[M]//PUKKALA T, GADOW K V. Continuous cover forestry. 2nd ed. Dordrecht: Springer, 2012: 29-83.
[3]	POMMERENING A. Analysing and Modelling Spatial Woodland Structure[D]. Vienna: University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, 2008.
[4]	欧光龙, 王俊峰, 胥辉, 等.思茅松天然林胸径与树高结构的变化[J].中南林业科技大学学报, 2014, 34(1):37-41. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/znlxyxb201401008 OU G L, WANG J F, XU H, et al. Changes of DBH and tree height structure of Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis natural forest[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 2014, 34(1):37-41. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/znlxyxb201401008
[5]	孟宪宇.使用Weibull函数对树高分布和直径分布的研究[J].北京林业大学学报, 1988, 10(1):40-48. http://bjly.chinajournal.net.cn/WKC/WebPublication/paperDigest.aspx?paperID=72D945C4-99C3-4D42-8EF9-E00855B48465 MENG X Y. A study of the relation between D and H- distributions by using the weibull function[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 1988, 10(1):40-48. http://bjly.chinajournal.net.cn/WKC/WebPublication/paperDigest.aspx?paperID=72D945C4-99C3-4D42-8EF9-E00855B48465
[6]	TEWARI V P, GADOW K V. Modelling the relationship between tree diameters and heights using S_BB distribution[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 1999, 119:171-176. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1127(98)00520-9
[7]	刘恩斌, 周国模, 施拥军, 等.测树因子二元概率分布:以毛竹为例[J].林业科学, 2010, 46(10):29-36. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20101005 LIU E B, ZHOU G M, SHI Y J, et al. Bivariate theoretic probability distribution of forest mensuration: a case of moso bamboo forest[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2010, 46(10):29-36. doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20101005
[8]	刘灵, 张含国, 徐悦丽, 等.樟子松种源含碳量遗传变异分析与高碳汇种源选择[J].东北林业大学学报, 2012, 40(5):5-8, 12. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5382.2012.05.002 LIU L, ZHANG H G, XU Y L, et al.Genetic variation of carbon density for Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica provenances and selection of provenances of high carbon sequestration[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2012, 40(5):5-8, 12. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5382.2012.05.002
[9]	周志强, 郝雨, 刘彤, 等.大兴安岭北段天然樟子松林遗传多样性与主要生态因子的相关性研究[J].北京林业大学学报, 2006, 28(6):22-27. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-1522.2006.06.004 ZHOU Z Q, HAO Y, LIU T, et al. Corelativity analysis between the main ecological factors and genetic diversity of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica population in the north part of great xing, an mountains[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2006, 28(6):22-27. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-1522.2006.06.004
[10]	底国旗, 沈海龙.内蒙古大兴安岭林区樟子松天然分布与资源状况[J].东北林业大学学报, 2006, 34(1):101-103. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5382.2006.01.035 DI G Q, SHEN H L.Natural distribution and resource situation of scotch pine in daxing, an mountains of inner Mongolia[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2006, 34(1):101-103. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5382.2006.01.035
[11]	赵晓彬, 刘光哲.沙地樟子松引种栽培及造林技术研究综述[J].西北林学院学报, 2007, 22(5):86-89. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2007.05.022 ZHAO X B, LIU G Z. A review of studies of introduction cultivates and afforestation technology on Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica in sandy area[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry university, 2007, 22(5):86-89. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2007.05.022
[12]	任丽娟.内蒙古大兴安岭天然樟子松群落结构特征与碳储量研究[D].呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2013. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10129-1013249723.htm REN L J. The research on community structure and carbon storage of natural Pinus sylvestris in greater hinggan mountains inner mongolia[D].Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2013. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10129-1013249723.htm
[13]	徐静, 郭滨德, 孙洪志.帽儿山地区不同种源樟子松树轮对气候因子的响应[J].林业科学研究, 2016, 29(4):581-586. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2016.04.018 XU J, GUO B D, SUN H Z. Tree ring response of scots pine provenances to climate factors at Maoershan, northastern China[J]. Forest Fesearch, 2016, 29(4):581-586. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2016.04.018
[14]	曾德慧, 姜凤岐, 范志平, 等.沙地樟子松人工林自然稀疏规律[J].生态学报, 2000, 20(2):235-242. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/stxb200002011 ZENG D H, JIANG F Q, FAN Z P, et al. Self-thinning of even-aged pure plantations of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica on sandy soil[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2000, 20(2):235-242. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/stxb200002011
[15]	刘灵, 胡艳波, 王千雪, 等.沙地樟子松天然纯林的结构特征[J].林业科学研究, 2016, 29(5):623-629. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2016.05.001 LIU L, HU Y B, WANG Q X, et al. Structure characters of Pinus sylvestris var. monglica natural forest on sandy land[J]. Forest Fesearch, 2016, 29(5):623-629. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2016.05.001
[16]	庄崇洋, 黄清麟, 马志波, 等.林层划分方法综述[J].世界林业研究, 2014, 27(6):34-39. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/sjlyyj201406006 ZHUANG C Y, HUANG Q L, MA Z B, et al. Review on defining methods for canopy stratification[J].World Forestry Research, 2014, 27(6):34-39. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/sjlyyj201406006
[17]	惠光秀.上海香樟及女贞群落密度特征及邻体效应研究[D].上海: 华东师范大学, 2010. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/article/cdmd-10269-2010198951.htm HUI G X. Study on stand density and adjacent interference of Cinnamomum camphora and Ligustrum lucidum in Shanghai[D]. Shanghai: East China Normal University, 2010. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/article/cdmd-10269-2010198951.htm
[18]	田新辉, 孙荣喜, 李军, 等. 107杨人工林密度对林木生长的影响[J].林业科学, 2011, 47(3):184-188. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/lykx201103028 TIAN X H, SUN R X, LI J, et al. Effects of stand density on growth of Populus×euramericana 'Neva' plantations[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2011, 47(3):184-188. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/lykx201103028
[19]	韩照日格图, 白静, 田有亮, 等.大青山区油松人工林密度对林木生长影响的研究[J].内蒙古农业大学报(自然科学版), 2007, 28(4):67-70. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/nmgnydxxb200704015 HAN Z R G T, BAI J, TIAN Y L, et al. Influence of the density of the artificial forest of Pinus tabulaeformis in daqing mountain on the growth of the forest[J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Natural Sciences Edition), 2007, 28(4):67-70. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/nmgnydxxb200704015
[20]	徐勃, 张仕清.同仁地区青杨速生丰产林几种常用造林密度对生长的影响[J].青海大学学报(自然科学版), 2002, 20(2):8-10. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8996.2002.02.003 XU B, ZHANG S Q. Effect of several afforestation densities of cathay coplar fast-growing and heavy bearing to their growing in tongren region[J]. Journal of Qinghai University(Natural Sciences Edition), 2002, 20(2):8-10. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8996.2002.02.003
[21]	WANG M, RENNOLLS K, TANG S. Bivariate distribution modeling of tree diameters and heights: dependency modeling using copulas[J]. Forest Science, 2008, 54:284-293. http://europepmc.org/abstract/AGR/IND44315488
[22]	金星姬, 李凤日, 贾炜玮, 等.树木胸径和树高二元分布的建模与预测[J].林业科学, 2013, 49(6):74-82. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/lykx201306011 JIN X J, LI F R, JIA W W, et al. Modeling and predicting bivariate distributions of tree diameter and height[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2013, 49(6):74-82. http://d.old.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical/lykx201306011
[23]	LI Y F, HUI G Y, ZHAO Z H, et al. The bivariate distribution characteristics of spatial structure in nature Korean pine broad-leaved forest[J]. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2012, 23(6):1180-190. doi: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2012.01431.x
[24]	WANG M L, RENNOLLS K. Bivariate distribution modeling with tree diameter and height data[J]. Forest Science, 2007, 53:16-24. http://europepmc.org/abstract/AGR/IND43890080
[25]	NI R, BAIKETUERHAN Y, ZHANG C, et al. Analyzing structural diversity in two temperate forests in northeastern China[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2014, 316:139-147. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.10.012
[26]	HARA T. Dynamics of size structure in plant populations[J]. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 1988, 3:129-133. doi: 10.1016/0169-5347(88)90175-9
[27]	WEINER J. Size hierarchies in experimental populations of annual plant[J]. Ecology, 1985, 66:743-752. doi: 10.2307/1940535
[28]	张春雨.通过种群互作阐释森林群落多样性格局[J].北京林业大学学报, 2014, 36(6):60-65. doi: 10.13332/j.cnki.jbfu.2014.06.013 ZHANG C Y. Explaining diversity patterns of forest community through species interactions[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2014, 36(6):60-65. doi: 10.13332/j.cnki.jbfu.2014.06.013
[29]	ZUCCHINI W, SCHMIDT M, GADOW K V. A model for the diameter-height distribution in an uneven-aged beech forest and a method to access the fit of such models[J].Silva Fennica, 2011, 35:169-183.
[30]	韩辉, 张学利, 党宏忠, 等.基于树干液流通量的沙地樟子松合理林分密度的确定[J].林业科学研究, 2015, 28(6):797-803. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2015.06.006 HAN H, ZHANG X L, DANG H Z, et al. Study on proper stand density of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation in sandy land based on stem sap flow velocity[J]. Forest Research, 2015, 28(6):797-803. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1498.2015.06.006

Cited By

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Article views (2160) PDF downloads (48)

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Abstract

References

Distribution characteristics of tree size of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica nature forest on sandy soil

Abstract

References

Catalog

Export File

Citation

Format

Content