不同幅度景观格局与水分利用效率耦合研究 ——以千烟洲为例

温永斌; 韩海荣; 程小琴; 李祖政

doi:10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190081

不同幅度景观格局与水分利用效率耦合研究——以千烟洲为例

Coupling of landscape pattern and water use efficiency with different amplitudes: a case study of Qianyanzhou in eastern China

摘要

摘要:
景观格局是生态过程在一定时空尺度上综合作用的产物，它对生态系统内的碳水分配以及碳、水循环过程中的耦合作用有极其重要的影响。
目的为了探讨多尺度下景观格局与水分利用效率的相互作用规律，为景观格局与生态过程耦合关系的研究以及区域生态规划提供一定的理论基础。
方法本研究采用PEST模型参数优化后的Biome-BGC模型模拟了千烟洲森林生态系统2000—2014年的水分利用效率，并分析了多尺度下景观格局指数和水分利用效率,年总初级生产力的相关性及其变化趋势。
结果（1）景观破碎化指数（斑块数量、斑块密度）与水分利用效率在缓冲区为10 ~ 80范围内呈显著负相关关系,平均斑块面积和水分利用效率在缓冲区为10 ~ 80范围内呈显著正相关关系。（2）景观形状指数（景观形状指数、分维度指数）与水分利用效率在缓冲区为50 ~ 100范围内呈显著正相关。（3）景观聚合度指数（相似邻接百分比、聚集度指数）与水分利用效率间的相关性在缓冲区为10~50范围内呈显著正相关。（4）景观多样性和均匀性指数与水分利用效率间的相关性在缓冲区为10 ~ 20时呈显著负相关，70 ~ 100时变为显著正相关。（5）景观格局指数和水分利用效率的相关性表现出明显的尺度效应。（6）总初级生产力和景观格局指数相关性的变化规律同水分利用效率和景观格局指数相关性的变化规律一致。
结论景观格局与生态过程的耦合受到尺度效应的影响，建议区域生态规划要充分考虑尺度效应，使景观格局与生态过程发挥最大的耦合效用。

Abstract:
The landscape pattern, which could exert critical impacts on the carbon and water distribution and their coupling in the ecosystem, is the product of integrated actions of ecological processes on a time-spaced scale.
ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to explore the interaction law between landscape pattern and water use efficiency at multiple scales, and to provide a theoretical basis for studies of the coupling relationship between landscape pattern and ecological process, and regional ecological planning.
MethodWe used the Biome-BGC model optimized by the PEST model to simulate water use efficiency (WUE) of Qianyanzhou forest ecosystem from 2000 to 2014, and analyzed the correlations between landscape pattern index (LPI) and WUE, landscape pattern and total primary productivity (GPP), and their trends.
ResultThe results showed that: (1) the landscape fragmentation index (NP and PD) and WUE had a significantly negative correlation in the buffer range of 10−80, while there was a significantly positive correlation between AREA-MN and WUE in this range; (2) The landscape shape index (SHAPE and FRAC) was significantly positive correlated with WUE in the range of 50−100; (3) The positive correlation between landscape polymerization index (PLADJ and AI) and WUE was significant in the range of 10−50; (4) Both landscape diversity and uniformity index (SIDI and SIEI) showed a significantly negative correlation with WUE when the buffer was between 10 to 20, while a significantly positive correlation in the buffer range of 70−100; (5) The correlation between landscape pattern index and water use efficiency showed a conspicuous scale effect; (6) The change law of the correlation between GPP and LPI was consistent with the correlation between WUE and LPI.
ConclusionThis indicates that the coupling of landscape pattern and ecological process is affected by the scale effect. We suggest that the scale effect should be fully considered into regional ecological planning so that the coupling effect of landscape pattern and ecological process could be maximized.

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