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    姜小蕾, 郝青, 李伟, 孙振元. 青岛崂山次生植物群落物种分布及多样性特征[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(8): 22-33. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190414
    引用本文: 姜小蕾, 郝青, 李伟, 孙振元. 青岛崂山次生植物群落物种分布及多样性特征[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2020, 42(8): 22-33. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190414
    Jiang Xiaolei, Hao Qing, Li Wei, Sun Zhenyuan. Species distribution and diversity characteristics of secondary plant communities in Laoshan Mountain of Qingdao, Shandong Province of eastern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(8): 22-33. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190414
    Citation: Jiang Xiaolei, Hao Qing, Li Wei, Sun Zhenyuan. Species distribution and diversity characteristics of secondary plant communities in Laoshan Mountain of Qingdao, Shandong Province of eastern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2020, 42(8): 22-33. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190414

    青岛崂山次生植物群落物种分布及多样性特征

    Species distribution and diversity characteristics of secondary plant communities in Laoshan Mountain of Qingdao, Shandong Province of eastern China

    • 摘要:
        目的  为明确山东崂山地区森林群落的组成结构和多样性特征及其与环境因子的关系,为生物多样性保护和森林管理提供理论依据。
        方法  用物种累计曲线验证抽样是否充分,根据物种重要值矩阵将崂山森林群落划分为不同的群落类型,用典范对应分析法(CCA)研究不同群落类型、不同层次植被的分布与地形及土壤条件的关系,并通过局部加权回归散点平滑法(LOWESS)拟合植被物种多样性与地形及土壤条件的相关性回归曲线。
        结果  50个标准样地抽样较为充分;通过WARD聚类法可将调查样地划分为10种群落类型;排序结果显示海拔、坡位、坡向和土壤pH值均与群落的分布具有显著相关性,从物种分布来看,只有海拔因子是显著的影响因子。在11个地形和土壤因子中,海拔和土壤速效磷含量与群落总体物种多样性具有显著相关性;随着海拔的升高,乔木、灌木、草本植物的Shannon-Wiener指数均表现为先增加后减小的趋势;乔木、灌木的Pielou指数随海拔的升高略微增加;当速效磷含量达到30 mg/kg时,Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou指数均显著下降,随后基本保持平稳。
        结论  地形和土壤条件对崂山群落类型的分布具有一定的影响,证明了生境过滤的作用。土壤速效磷含量和海拔是崂山森林群落物种多样性的重要限制因子。

       

      Abstract:
        Objective  This paper aims to clarify the composition structure and diversity characteristics of forest communities in Laoshan Mountain area of Shandong Province, eastern China and their relationship with environmental factors, so as to provide theoretical basis for forest management.
        Method  Using a cumulative species curve to verify the adequacy of sampling, according to the species importance matrix, the forest community was divided into different types. Relationship between the distribution of different community types and topographic and soil conditions was studied by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). The relationship between species diversity and terrain and soil conditions was analyzed by Pearson correlation, and the regression curve was fitted by the local weighted regression distribution point smoothing method (LOWESS).
        Result  50 standard sample plots were adequate. The species composition of forest community in Laoshan Mountain was complex, and it could be divided into 10 community types by WARD clustering method according to the important value matrix of species. Altitude, slope position, slope direction and soil’s pH value were the main factors affecting community distribution, in which altitude factor had significant effect on the distribution of trees, shrubs and herbs as well. Among the 11 topographic and soil factors studied in this paper, altitude and soil available phosphorus content were significantly correlated with the overall species diversity of the community. With the increase of altitude, the Shannon-Wiener index of trees, shrubs and herbs increased at first and then decreased. The Pielou index of trees and shrubs increased slightly with the increase of altitude. When the content of available phosphorus reached 30 mg/kg, the Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index decreased significantly, and then remained stable.
        Conclusion  Terrain and soil conditions had a certain influence on the distribution of Laoshan Mountain community types, which proves the role of habitat filtration. Altitude and soil available phosphorus content might be the most important limiting factors for species diversity in Laoshan Mountain forest community.

       

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