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土壤大孔隙结构对饱和导水率的影响

敖家坤 牛健植 谢宝元 骆紫藤 蔺星娜 杨澜

敖家坤, 牛健植, 谢宝元, 骆紫藤, 蔺星娜, 杨澜. 土壤大孔隙结构对饱和导水率的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2021, 43(2): 102-112. doi: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190429
引用本文: 敖家坤, 牛健植, 谢宝元, 骆紫藤, 蔺星娜, 杨澜. 土壤大孔隙结构对饱和导水率的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2021, 43(2): 102-112. doi: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190429
Ao Jiakun, Niu Jianzhi, Xie Baoyuan, Luo Ziteng, Lin Xingna, Yang Lan. Influence of soil macropore structure on saturated hydraulic conductivity[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2021, 43(2): 102-112. doi: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190429
Citation: Ao Jiakun, Niu Jianzhi, Xie Baoyuan, Luo Ziteng, Lin Xingna, Yang Lan. Influence of soil macropore structure on saturated hydraulic conductivity[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2021, 43(2): 102-112. doi: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190429

土壤大孔隙结构对饱和导水率的影响

doi: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20190429
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41877154)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    敖家坤。主要研究方向:林业生态工程。Email:1461632203@qq.com 地址:100083北京市海淀区清华东路35号北京林业大学水土保持学院

    责任作者:

    牛健植,博士,教授。主要研究方向:林业生态工程。Email:nexk@bjfu.edu.cn 地址:同上

Influence of soil macropore structure on saturated hydraulic conductivity

  • 摘要:   目的   探究土壤不同孔径大孔隙结构特征及数量对土壤饱和导水率的影响,为研究区域土壤水分—溶质迁移规律、水土流失治理与土壤污染防治提供理论参考。   方法   以京郊密云水库五座山林场水源涵养林为研究点,基于工业CT扫描技术,对土柱中土壤大孔隙三维空间结构重建后,探究不同孔径大孔隙结构特征参数密度及数量密度对土壤饱和导水率的影响。   结果   (1)除当量孔径大于4.30 mm以外的大孔隙,当量孔径越大,其数量密度越小,结构特征参数密度越小;(2)6个样地3个土层内当量孔径为0.31 ~ 2.30 mm的大孔隙占所有孔隙的比例均高于95%;(3)样地1、2、5和6中饱和导水率最大的均在0 ~ 10 cm土层,且除样地6外,均随深度增大而减小,样地4的饱和导水率随深度增大而增大;(4)除当量孔径大于4.30 mm的大孔隙体积密度外,5个径级所有其他的大孔隙特征值密度均与饱和导水率呈显著正相关。   结论   (1)在0 ~ 30 cm土层内,大部分样地的饱和导水率随土层深度增加而减小,但也会出现随深度增加而增大的情况;(2)林地土壤的大孔隙当量孔径主要集中在0.31 ~ 2.30 mm,其占有率高达95%;(3)当量孔径越小的大孔隙,除大孔隙体积和表面积外的大孔隙结构特征参数密度越大;(4)除当量孔径 > 4.30 mm的大孔隙体积密度以外的大孔隙特征参数与饱和导水率均呈显著正相关,大孔隙数量对饱和导水率的影响要显著大于大孔隙结构参数。

     

  • 图  1  大孔隙数量密度分布

    d0.31d1.31d2.31d3.31d4.30分别代表孔径为0.31 ~ 1.30 mm、1.31 ~ 2.30 mm、2.31 ~ 3.30 mm、3.31 ~ 4.30 mm 和 > 4.30 mm的大孔隙。横坐标中第1个数字代表样地编号,第2个数字代表土层深度,例如:1−2,1代表样地1,2代表土层10 ~ 20 cm,以下类同。 d0.31, d1.31, d2.31, d3.31 and d4.30 represent macropores with equivalent diameter of 0.31−1.30 mm, 1.31−2.30 mm, 2.31−3.30 mm, 3.31−4.30 mm and large than 4.30 mm, respectively. The first number in the abscissa represents sample plot No., and the second number represents soil layer depth, for example, 1−2, 1 represents the sample plot 1, 2 represents the soil layer of 10−20 cm, the following is similar as this.

    Figure  1.  Quantity density distribution of macropores

    图  2  大孔隙长度密度分布

    Figure  2.  Length density distribution of macropores

    图  3  大孔隙体积密度分布

    Figure  3.  Volume density distribution of macropores

    图  4  大孔隙表面积密度分布

    Figure  4.  Distribution of surface area density of macropores

    图  5  大孔隙迂曲度密度分布

    Figure  5.  Distribution of tortuosity density of macropores

    图  6  大孔隙倾斜角度密度分布

    Figure  6.  Distribution of tilt angle density of macropores

    图  7  土壤饱和导水率分布

    Figure  7.  Distribution of saturated hydraulic conductivity

    图  8  大孔隙特征参数对饱和导水率的影响

    Figure  8.  Influence of characteristic parameters of macropores on saturated hydraulic conductivity

    表  1  样地基本情况

    Table  1.   Basic situation of sample plots

    样地
    Sample plot
    经纬度
    Longitude and
    latitude
    样方大小
    Sample plot
    size (m × m)
    海拔
    Altitude/m
    林地类型
    Forest land type
    平均树高
    Average tree
    height/m
    郁闭度
    Canopy
    density/%
    平均胸径
    Mean DBH/cm
    样地1 Sample plot 1 40°30′43″N,116°49′51″E 20 × 20 225 人工林 Plantation 11.91 90 22.84
    样地2 Sample plot 2 40°30′27″N,116°49′14″E 20 × 20 227 人工林 Plantation 10.29 90 25.63
    样地3 Sample plot 3 40°30′10″N,116°48′46″E 20 × 20 225 人工林 Plantation 12.63 85 16.58
    样地4 Sample plot 4 40°30′27″N 116°49′02″E 20 × 20 219 人工林 Plantation 8.64 80 28.34
    样地5 Sample plot 5 40°30′34″N,116°49′31″E 20 × 20 218 人工林 Plantation 7.54 80 16.73
    样地6 Sample plot 6 40°30′50″N,116°50′16″E 20 × 20 217 人工林 Plantation 11.24 85 24.46
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  大孔隙特征参数与饱和导水率相关性检验

    Table  2.   Correlation test between characteristic parameters of macropores and saturated hydraulic conductivity

    项目
    Item
    饱和导水率 Saturated hydraulic conductivity
    d0.31d1.31d2.31d3.31d4.30
    数量密度 Quantity density 0.671 (0.002**) 0.745 (0.000**) 0.773 (0.000**) 0.791 (0.000**) 0.814 (0.000**)
    长度密度 Length density 0.673 (0.002**) 0.782 (0.000**) 0.799 (0.000**) 0.762 (0.000**) 0.627 (0.005**)
    体积密度 Volume density 0.712 (0.001**) 0.803 (0.000**) 0.804 (0.000**) 0.775 (0.000**) 0.294 (0.237)
    表面积密度 Surface area density 0.696 (0.001**) 0.772 (0.000**) 0.778 (0.000**) 0.789 (0.000**) 0.748 (0.000**)
    迂曲度密度 Tortuosity density 0.663 (0.003**) 0.776 (0.000**) 0.800 (0.000**) 0.770 (0.000**) 0.765 (0.000**)
    倾斜角度密度 Tilt angle density 0.659 (0.003**) 0.716 (0.001**) 0.745 (0.000**) 0.783 (0.000**) 0.802 (0.000**)
    注:** 表示在 0.01 级别(双尾)相关性显著。*表示 在 0.05 级别(双尾)相关性显著。Notes: ** means the correlation is significant at 0.01 level (double tail), * means the correlation is significant at 0.05 level (double tail).
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2019-11-12
  • 修回日期:  2020-06-06
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-01-21
  • 刊出日期:  2021-02-24

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