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    立地条件对宁夏中部干旱风沙区柠条生物量分配格局的影响

    Effects of site conditions on biomass allocation patterns of Caragana korshinskii in arid aeolian sand regions, middle area of Ningxia of northwestern China

      摘要
    • 摘要:
        目的  理解立地条件对宁夏中部干旱风沙区柠条生物量分配规律的影响，充分认识柠条生物量的分配规律，完善柠条的适应性研究。
        方法  基于宁夏灵武市白芨滩防沙治沙林场109丛柠条灌木生物量数据，将坡向、海拔（1 218 ~ 1 476 m）、坡度3个立地因子进行无量纲化处理并分类，分别采用欧氏距离和布雷−柯蒂斯距离的非参数多元方差分析方法，探讨立地因子及其交互作用对灌木生物量分配格局（叶质比、茎质比、根质比和根冠比）及其综合特征的影响。
        结果  （1）坡向对叶质比和茎质比的解释度最高，解释度因子R2分别为0.144 5和0.281 0；海拔对根质比和根冠比的解释度均最高，R2分别为0.296 7和0.295 7。（2）在立地因子的交互作用中，海拔与坡度的交互作用对根质比和根冠比的影响显著（P < 0.05），坡向、海拔和坡度的交互作用对茎质比和根冠比的影响显著（P < 0.05）。（3）根据欧氏距离和布雷−柯蒂斯距离进行多元方差分析，得到坡向、海拔、坡度对灌木生物量分配格局的综合影响均呈现显著性（P < 0.05），且坡向的影响最大（R2 = 0.232 2和0.235 7），海拔（R2 = 0.221 3和0.221 1）次之，坡度（R2 = 0.035 8和0.029 2）影响最小；在多因素交互作用的影响中，海拔与坡度的交互作用以及坡向、海拔、坡度3因素交互作用对灌木生物量分配格局影响显著（P < 0.05）。
        结论  不同立地因子对柠条灌木生物量分配格局的影响不同，且立地因子的交互作用也会对生物量分配格局产生显著影响。研究结果最终确立了立地因子对柠条灌木生物量分配格局的影响程度，为非参数多元方差分析在生物量分配格局中的应用提供了方法参考，也为进一步研究灌木的碳储量及其生态意义提供科学基础。

       

      Abstract:
        Objective  This paper aims to recognize the effects of site conditions on the allocation law of Caragana korshinskii biomass in the arid aeolian sand regions, and research the adaptability of Caragana korshinskii in the middle area of Ningxia, northwestern China.
        Method  Based on biomass data obtained from 109 Caragana korshinskii shrubs in Baijitan Sand Prevention and Control Forest Farm, site conditions (slope aspect, altitude (1 218−1 476 m) and slope degree) were standardized to zero dimension. Then, permutational multivariate analysis of variances (PERMANOVA) with Euclidean distance and Bray-Curtis distance was used to study the relative impact of site conditions on the shrub biomass allocation patterns (leaf biomass fraction(LMF), stem biomass fraction (SMF), root biomass fraction (RMF) and root shoot ratio (R/S)) and comprehensive characteristics.
        Result  (1) Slope aspect had the greatest degree of interpretation on LMF and SMF, and the interpretation degree factor (R2) was 0.144 5 and 0.281 0, respectively; altitude had the greatest degree of interpretation on RMF and R/S, and R2 was 0.296 7 and 0.295 7, respectively. (2) In the interaction of site factors, the interaction of altitude and slope degree had significant influences on RMF and R/S (P < 0.05), while the interaction of slope aspect, altitude and slope degree had significant influences on SMF and R/S. (3) The multivariate analysis of variance based on Euclidean distance and Bray-Curtis distance showed that, the comprehensive impact of slope aspect, aititude, and slope degree on shrub biomass allocation was significant (P < 0.05), among which, the impact of slope aspect (R2 = 0.232 2, 0.235 7) > aititude (R2 = 0.221 3, 0.221 1) > slope degree (R2 = 0.035 8, 0.029 2). In the influence of multi-factor interaction, the two-way interactions of altitude and slope degree and three-way interactions of slope aspect, altitude and slope degree had significant effects on shrub biomass allocation patterns (P<0.05).
        Conclusion  Different site conditions showed different influences on shrub biomass allocation patterns. This study establishes the influencing degree of site conditions on shrub biomass allocation patterns for Caragana korshinskii, which provides a scientific basis for further study of shrub carbon sink and the ecological significance of shrubs in the arid aeolian sand regions.

       

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