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    林龙圳, 陈远书, 马玮哲, 林震, 于强. 库布齐沙漠地区生态系统格局演变及其驱动力分析[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2021, 43(4): 108-123. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200242
    引用本文: 林龙圳, 陈远书, 马玮哲, 林震, 于强. 库布齐沙漠地区生态系统格局演变及其驱动力分析[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2021, 43(4): 108-123. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200242
    shu
    Lin Longzhen, Chen Yuanshu, Ma Weizhe, Lin Zhen, Yu Qiang. Evolution and driving forces of ecosystem pattern in Kubuqi Desert of northern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2021, 43(4): 108-123. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200242
    Citation: Lin Longzhen, Chen Yuanshu, Ma Weizhe, Lin Zhen, Yu Qiang. Evolution and driving forces of ecosystem pattern in Kubuqi Desert of northern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2021, 43(4): 108-123. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20200242
    shu

    库布齐沙漠地区生态系统格局演变及其驱动力分析

    Evolution and driving forces of ecosystem pattern in Kubuqi Desert of northern China

      摘要
    • 摘要:
        目的  研究库布齐沙漠地区生态系统格局演变及其驱动力，厘清不同驱动因子对生态系统格局变化的影响程度，进而提出针对性的改进措施，为库布齐沙漠地区生态保护和高质量发展提供科学依据和决策支持。
        方法  采用生态系统变化幅度、年变化率、动态度及景观格局指数分析了库布齐沙漠地区2000—2018年生态系统格局和演变特征，及主要驱动力对生态系统变化的贡献。
        结果  （1）库布齐沙漠地区生态系统以草地、裸地和农田为主，三者共占91.46%，水域、建设用地和林地占比都很小。（2）研究期内，库布齐沙漠地区生态系统农田、草地和建设用地面积增加，林地、水域和裸地面积减少，生态系统演变以裸地转换为草地为主，同时草地转换为裸地也较为明显。（3）研究期内生态系统景观破碎化程度和景观多样性指数均上升。（4）生态保护与修复是生态系统格局演变的首要驱动力，贡献率为44.53%；土地退化是引发生态系统变化的第二驱动力，贡献率为23.87%；农田扩张、城镇化建设和水资源开发的贡献率分别为17.72%、8.51%和5.37%。
        结论  为实现库布齐沙漠地区生态系统可持续发展，应科学实施生态保护修复工程，统筹推进山水林田湖草沙综合治理、系统治理、源头治理，重点防止土地退化，合理开发利用耕地，促进生态系统良性循环，维护区域生态安全。

       

      Abstract:
        Objective  This study analyzed the evolution of ecosystem pattern in the Kubuqi Desert of northern China and its driving forces, clarified the degree of influence of different driving factors on the changes of ecosystem pattern, and then proposed targeted improvement measures. The research results can provide scientific basis and decision support for the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Kubuqi Desert.
        Method  In this paper, ecosystem change amplitude, annual change rate, dynamic degree and landscape pattern index were used to analyze the changes of ecosystem pattern, evolution characteristics and the contribution of main driving forces to ecosystem changes of Kubuqi Desert Area from 2000 to 2018.
        Result  (1) Grassland, bare land and farmland were the main ecosystems of Kubuqi Desert Area, accounting for 91.46% of the total area, while water area, construction land and forest land accounted for a small proportion. (2) During the study period, the area of farmland, grassland and construction land in Kubuqi Desert increased, while the area of woodland, water area and bare land decreased. The transformation and change of ecosystem was mainly from bare land to grassland, and grassland to bare land was also obvious. (3) The degree of landscape fragmentation and landscape diversity index increased during the study period. (4) Ecological protection and restoration was the primary driving force of ecosystem pattern evolution, with the contribution rate of 44.53%; land degradation was the second driving force of ecosystem change, with the contribution rate of 23.87%; the contribution rates of farmland expansion, urbanization construction and water resources development were 17.72%, 8.51% and 5.37%, respectively.
        Conclusion  In order to ensure the sustainable development of ecosystem in the Kubuqi Desert, ecological protection and restoration projects should be implemented scientifically. This requires the overall promotion of comprehensive management, systematic management and source management of “landscapes, forests, fields, lakes and sands”. The prevention of land degradation is the focus, and the development and utilization of cultivated land must be reasonable. By promoting a virtuous cycle of the ecosystem, regional ecological security can be maintained.

       

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