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    吴春冰, 王京学, 冀晓东, 姜谦, 何建军, 梁羽石. 空气密度时空统计特性及对基本风压的影响以山东省为例[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2021, 43(5): 99-107. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210064
    引用本文: 吴春冰, 王京学, 冀晓东, 姜谦, 何建军, 梁羽石. 空气密度时空统计特性及对基本风压的影响以山东省为例[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2021, 43(5): 99-107. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210064
    Wu Chunbing, Wang Jingxue, Ji Xiaodong, Jiang Qian, He Jianjun, Liang Yushi. Spatial and temporal statistical characteristics of air density and its influence on basic wind pressure: a case study of Shandong Province, eastern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2021, 43(5): 99-107. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210064
    Citation: Wu Chunbing, Wang Jingxue, Ji Xiaodong, Jiang Qian, He Jianjun, Liang Yushi. Spatial and temporal statistical characteristics of air density and its influence on basic wind pressure: a case study of Shandong Province, eastern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2021, 43(5): 99-107. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210064

    空气密度时空统计特性及对基本风压的影响以山东省为例

    Spatial and temporal statistical characteristics of air density and its influence on basic wind pressure: a case study of Shandong Province, eastern China

    • 摘要:
        目的  基本风压的确定对评估结构抗风中风荷载设计值尤为重要。空气密度是计算基本风压的基本参数之一,其取值受地貌和气候类型的影响存在一定的差异性。因此,研究空气密度时空统计特性及对基本风压的影响对风荷载评估具有重要意义。
        方法  该文基于山东省123个气象站2005—2017年的气温、气压和风速资料,计算并统计分析空气密度的概率分布特性、随冷暖季及空间分布变化规律,并结合由Gumbel分布统计分析得到的设计风速,探讨了空气密度对基本风压的影响。
        结果  (1)全季空气密度的概率密度函数呈双峰型,区分冷暖季后与Gamma、Weibull、Burr及GEV概率密度函数拟合精度有所提升,冷、暖季空气密度分布函数分别与Weibull、Burr函数拟合较好;(2)空气密度由沿海向内陆地区逐渐减小,随海拔高度增加而减小;(3)在低海拔平原地区,冷季平均空气密度计算下的风压与固定空气密度1.25 kg/m3、考虑海拔对空气密度影响下的风压相差不大,在高海拔地区,固定空气密度1.25 kg/m3计算下的风压偏大;(4)对于山东低海拔平原地区,选取极值空气密度计算得到的基本风压较固定空气密度1.25 kg/m3、考虑海拔对空气密度影响的风压值大10% ~ 14%左右。
        结论  该研究通过统计空气密度时空特性,并结合极值风速,探讨了不同空气密度对基本风压的影响,为结构设计中空气密度的选取提供重要参考。

       

      Abstract:
        Objective  The determination of basic wind pressure is particularly important for evaluating the design value of wind load of resistance structures. Air density is one of the basic parameters for calculating basic wind pressure, and its value is affected by geomorphology and climate type. Therefore, it is of great significance for wind load assessment to study the spatio-temporal statistical characteristics of air density and its influence on basic wind pressure.
        Method  In this paper, based on the air temperature, air pressure and wind speed data of 123 meteorological stations in Shandong Province of eastern China from 2005 to 2017, the probability distribution characteristics of air density and its variation with cold and warm season and spatial distribution were calculated and analyzed. Combined with the design wind speed obtained from the statistical analysis of Gumbel distribution, the influence of air density on the basic wind pressure was discussed.
        Result  (1) The probability density function of air density in the whole season was bimodal. After distinguishing the cold and warm seasons, the fitting accuracy of the probability density function was improved with the probability density functions of Gamma, Weibull, Burr and GEV. The air density distribution functions of cold and warm seasons fit well with Weibull and Burr functions, respectively. (2) The air density decreasesd from the coast to the inland, and decreased with the increase of altitude. (3) In the low altitude plain areas, the wind pressure calculated by the average air density in the cold season was almost the same as that calculated by the fixed air density 1.25 kg/m3 and considering the effect of altitude on the air density, while in the high altitude area, the wind pressure calculated by the fixed air density of 1.25 kg/m3 was on the high side. (4) For the low altitude plain area of Shandong Province, the basic wind pressure calculated by selecting the extreme air density was about 10%−14% higher than that calculated by the fixed air density of 1.25 kg/m3 and considering the effect of altitude on the air density.
        Conclusion  In this study, through the statistics of space-time characteristics of air density and combined with the extreme wind speed, the influence of different air density on the basic wind pressure was discussed, which provides an important reference for the selection of air density in structural design.

       

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