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    刘凤辰, 田娜, 程小琴. 油松植物挥发性有机物释放动态及其抑菌作用[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2022, 44(9): 72-82. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210125
    引用本文: 刘凤辰, 田娜, 程小琴. 油松植物挥发性有机物释放动态及其抑菌作用[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2022, 44(9): 72-82. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210125
    Liu Fengchen, Tian Na, Cheng Xiaoqin. Releasing variation and bacteriostatic effects of botanic volatile organic compounds from Pinus tabuliformis[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2022, 44(9): 72-82. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210125
    Citation: Liu Fengchen, Tian Na, Cheng Xiaoqin. Releasing variation and bacteriostatic effects of botanic volatile organic compounds from Pinus tabuliformis[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2022, 44(9): 72-82. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210125

    油松植物挥发性有机物释放动态及其抑菌作用

    Releasing variation and bacteriostatic effects of botanic volatile organic compounds from Pinus tabuliformis

    • 摘要:
        目的  植物挥发性有机物(BVOCs)中的一些成分具有净化空气、改善身心健康的生态功能。通过研究夏秋季节油松叶片BVOCs的成分、动态变化及其对于空气微生物的抑制作用,揭示油松叶片释放BVOCs组分与规律,探索其抑菌特性,为森林康养型植物的选择及应用提供理论依据。
        方法  利用动态顶空吸附采集法与热脱附−气相色谱−质谱(TDS-GC-MS)联用技术,进行油松叶片BVOCs的采集与分析。通过城市微生物采集点与油松样地空气微生物含量测定的对照试验计算油松叶片BVOCs的抑菌率。
        结果  (1)油松叶片释放的BVOCs共测定出11类173种化合物,其中,夏季共测定出11类113种化合物,秋季共测定出11类103种化合物。主要组成成分为烷烃与烯烃,夏季含量最高可达70%以上,秋季最高可达90%以上。夏季较秋季油松叶片释放的BVOCs组成成分更丰富且总量高但夏季油松叶片BVOCs释放峰值要滞后于秋季。(2)在环境因子中,油松BVOCs释放量与大气温度呈不显著正相关,与大气湿度呈不显著负相关。(3)油松叶片BVOCs抑菌物质释放量呈现出“一峰一谷”的日变化趋势,夏、秋季抑菌物质释放峰值分别为14:00与12:00,且夏季较秋季抑菌物质释放总量高。油松对空气微生物的抑制作用具有明显的日变化规律,其中以对细菌的抑制作用最显著,且抑菌率表现为早上 > 中午 > 晚上。(4)综合考虑油松BVOCs对人体有益及有害影响,夏季在16:00,油松叶片BVOCs中有益于人体健康的成分相对含量达到一天中的最高值,有害物质相对含量为一天中的最低值;在秋季,14:00至16:00油松叶片BVOCs中有益于人体健康的成分相对含量上升,有害物质相对含量下降,且在16:00左右抑菌物质相对含量达到峰值,有害物质相对含量接近于零。
        结论  在一天不同时间和一年不同季节(夏季和秋季)油松叶片释放BVOCs的组成及相对含量存在较大差异。油松叶片BVOCs对空气中细菌有明显抑制作用,具有明显的改善空气质量作用。夏秋季节14:00至16:00左右林内对人体有益的油松植物挥发物质较多,对人体产生不利影响的挥发物质较少。研究结果为进一步揭示油松释放BVOCs调节人体健康的生理响应机制提供理论依据。

       

      Abstract:
        Objective  Some components of botanic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) have the ecological functions of bacteriostasis, disease elimination and health care. In this paper, the composition and dynamic of BVOCs in leaves of Pinus tabuliformis in summer and autumn were studied, as well as their inhibitory effects on air microorganisms, which provided scientific basis for the selection and application of plants for health rehabilitation and recreation in forest (HRRF).
        Method  The BVOCs in P. tabuliformis leaves were collected and analyzed by dynamic headspace adsorption method and thermal desorption system gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (TDS-GC-MS) technique. The bacteriostatic rate of BVOCs in P. tabuliformis leaves was calculated through the control experiment of air microbial content determination in urban microbial collection point and P. tabuliformis forest sample plots.
        Result  (1) A total of 173 compounds of 11 classes were detected in the BVOCs released from P. tabuliformis leaves. There were 113 compounds of 11 classes detected in summer and 103 compounds of 11 classes detected in autumn. The main components were alkanes and olefins, with the maximum content over 70% in summer and over 90% in autumn. The BVOCs released from P. tabuliformis leaves in summer were more abundant than that in autumn. Meanwhile, the total amount of BVOCs in summer was higher than that in autumn. However, the peak of release in summer was later than in autumn. (2) Among the environmental factors, there was no significantly positive correlation between atmospheric temperature and the release of BVOCs from P. tabuliformis, while there was no significant negative correlation between atmospheric humidity and the release of BVOCs from P. tabuliformis. (3) The release of BVOCs from leaves of P. tabuliformis showed a diurnal trend of “one peak and one valley” with peaks of BVOCs released in summer and autumn at 14:00 and 12:00, respectively. More antibacterial substances were released in summer than in autumn.The inhibitory effect of P. tabuliformis on air microorganisms had obvious diurnal variation, and the most significant inhibitory effect was on bacteria, and the inhibition rate was morning > noon > evening. (4) Considering the beneficial and harmful effects of BVOCs on the human body, the relative content of healthy ingredients in BVOCs from P. tabuliformis leaves reached the highest value at 16:00 in summer, while the relative content of harmful compounds reached the lowest value. In autumn, from 14:00 to 16:00, the relative content of components beneficial to human health in the BVOCs of P. tabuliformis leaves increased while the relative content of harmful compounds decreased. Moreover, the relative content of antibacterial compounds reached the peak at about 16:00, and the relative content of harmful compounds was close to zero.
        Conclusion  There are significant variations in the composition and relative content of BVOCs released from leaves of P. tabuliformis at different time of day and in different seasons of the year (summer and autumn). The BVOCs from P. tabuliformis leaves had obvious inhibitory effect on inhibiting bacteria in the air and improving air quality. From 14:00 to 16:00 in summer and autumn, there are more beneficial compounds and fewer harmful compounds in P. tabuliformis forest. The results provide theoretical basis for further revealing the physiological response mechanism of BVOCs released by P. tabuliformis to regulate human health.

       

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