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    刘宣晨, 贾红涛, 顾宸瑞, 宋淑媛, 计家宝, 马立新, 祝清超, 刘桂丰. 紫雨桦杂交子代苗期生长及叶色性状的变异[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2022, 44(9): 62-71. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210133
    引用本文: 刘宣晨, 贾红涛, 顾宸瑞, 宋淑媛, 计家宝, 马立新, 祝清超, 刘桂丰. 紫雨桦杂交子代苗期生长及叶色性状的变异[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2022, 44(9): 62-71. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210133
    Liu Xuanchen, Jia Hongtao, Gu Chenrui, Song Shuyuan, Ji Jiabao, Ma Lixin, Zhu Qingchao, Liu Guifeng. Variation of growth and leaf color traits of Betula pendula ‘Purple Rain’ hybrid offsprings at seedling stage[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2022, 44(9): 62-71. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210133
    Citation: Liu Xuanchen, Jia Hongtao, Gu Chenrui, Song Shuyuan, Ji Jiabao, Ma Lixin, Zhu Qingchao, Liu Guifeng. Variation of growth and leaf color traits of Betula pendula ‘Purple Rain’ hybrid offsprings at seedling stage[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2022, 44(9): 62-71. DOI: 10.12171/j.1000-1522.20210133

    紫雨桦杂交子代苗期生长及叶色性状的变异

    Variation of growth and leaf color traits of Betula pendula ‘Purple Rain’ hybrid offsprings at seedling stage

    • 摘要:
        目的  利用杂交过程中亲本的配子重组及基因交换,创造变异丰富的子代群体,为后续林木良种及新品种选育提供物质基础。
        方法  以3株紫雨桦为母本,7株白桦作为父本进行杂交,共得到19个杂种家系,调查了各家系紫叶苗木的高和地径等生长性状,5—9月不同发育时期的叶绿素、花青素、叶色参数(L*a*b*)等叶色性状以及2个年度的保存率,对各性状在家系间的差异进行了统计分析。
        结果  (1)生长、叶色等性状在家系间大多存在显著(P < 0.05)或极显著(P < 0.01)差异。不同性状的变异幅度差异很大,苗高、地径变异在25.00%左右,花青素相对含量以及黄蓝饱和度(b*)在33.67% ~ 53.20%之间,其他性状的变异系数多为15.00%上下。(2)叶色性状随季节变化明显。花青素相对含量和红绿饱和度(a*)在5、6月最高,7、8、9份明显降低,这与紫雨桦叶色春季呈现紫色、夏季逐渐变绿色的季节变化吻合;b*随季节变化呈现逐渐增加的趋势,这也与叶片颜色逐渐变蓝的趋势一致。(3)保存率在家系之间变异较大,有3个家系的保存率较高,分别为95.0%、90.4%、88.4%,3者均值与保存率最低的3个家系的均值相差2.7倍。在各家系中,父本为大兴安岭种源的保存率更高,较父本为种子园的高出12.2%。
        结论  紫雨桦与白桦杂交,家系间的生长性状、花青素含量、叶色参数以及保存率等产生了丰富变异,为后续进一步筛选彩叶桦优良杂种新品种奠定了基础。采用寒温带种源白桦为父本杂交,提高了子代抗寒性。

       

      Abstract:
        Objective  The gametophyte recombination and gene exchange of parents in the process of hybridization were used to create offspring groups with rich variation, which provided material basis for subsequent tree varieties and new variety breeding.
        Method  A total of 19 hybrid families were obtained by crossing 3 Betula pendula ‘Purple Rain’ as female parent and 7 B. platyphylla as male parent. The seedling height, ground diameter, leaf color traits including chlorophyll, anthocyanin and leaf color parameters (L*, a*, b*) in different developmental stages from May to September and seedling preservation rate of purple leaf seedlings in 2 years in each family were investigated. The differences of each trait between their families were statistically analyzed.
        Result  The analysis results of each trait showed that: (1) mostly, there were significant ( P < 0.05) to extremely significant ( P < 0.01) differences in growth traits and leaf color traits among families. The variation range of traits was greatly different, the variation of seedling height and ground diameter was about 25.00%, the relative content of anthocyanin and yellow-blue saturation (b*) varied from 33.67% to 53.20% and the coefficient of variation of other traits was about 15.00%; (2) the leaf color traits changed greatly with season. The anthocyanin and red-green saturation (a*) were the highest in May and June, and significantly decreased in 7, 8 and 9 parts, which was consistent with the seasonal variation of purple leaf color in spring and gradually green in summer. The seasonal variation of yellow-blue saturation (b*) showed an increasing trend, which was consistent with the trend of leaf color becoming blue; (3) the preservation rate varied greatly among families. The preservation rates of three families were 95.0%, 90.4% and 88.4%, respectively, 2.7 times the average of the three families with the lowest preservation rates. In each family, the preservation rate of the family with B. platyphylla from Daxing’an Mountains as the male parent was 12.2% higher than that of the family with B. platyphylla from seed orchard.
        Conclusion  There are abundant variations in growth traits, anthocyanin content, leaf color parameters and preservation rate between B. pendula ‘Purple Rain’ and B. platyphylla families, which lay a foundation for further screening excellent hybrid varieties of B. platyphylla. The cold resistance of filial generation is improved by cold temperate provenance B. platyphylla as male parent.

       

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