Experiment on shrub spray sowing technology in limestone dreg field
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摘要:目的 渣场环境条件下植被自然恢复极其困难。石灰岩渣场因成土母质等具有其独特性，在一般客土喷播技术的基础上，需要根据其特点探求适宜的植被恢复方法。方法 该研究模拟渣场表面灌浆处理后客土喷播植被恢复的过程，通过后期观察植被恢复及养分流失情况，比较3种渣场灌浆深度（15、30、45 cm）的植被恢复效果，并结合技术经济效益分析，选取出综合效益最佳的灌浆深度。结果 与未灌浆处理的对照组（CK）相比，灌浆处理后播种紫穗槐的保存率、平均株高、地径和土壤养分含量均有显著提升（P < 0.05），单位面积渗滤液量和营养元素流失量显著降低（P < 0.05）。结果显示，灌浆深度为30 cm时，植被恢复效果较优。结论 灌浆处理能提高土壤保水保肥能力和紫穗槐的保存率，同时促进其生长发育，当灌浆深度为30 cm时综合效益较佳。该研究为石灰岩渣场的植被恢复提供技术参考。Abstract:Objective The natural restoration of vegetation is seriously restricted by environmental conditions in the dreg field. Due to the unique soil parent material, it is necessary to explore the suitable vegetation restoration methods based on the general soil spray sowing technique.Method In this study, we simulated the process of vegetation restoration after grouting the surface of the dreg field and performing soil spray sowing. By comparing the vegetation restoration and nutrient loss of three grouting depths (15, 30 and 45 cm), and combining the technical and economic benefits simultaneously, the best grouting depth was selected.Result Compared with the control group (CK) without grouting treatment, the retention rate, average plant height and ground diameter of Amorpha fruticosa and soil nutrient condition significantly increased (P < 0.05) after grouting treatment. Meanwhile, the volume of leachate per unit area and the loss of nutrient remarkably decreased (P < 0.05). In terms of vegetation restoration, the grouting depth of 30 cm was much better.Conclusion The grouting treatment can improve the soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, the retention rate of Amorpha fruticosa, and further promote its growth. The benefits are better when the grouting depth is 30 cm. This research provides technical reference for vegetation restoration in limestone dreg field.
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Keywords:
- limestone /
- dreg field /
- vegetation restoration /
- grouting
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《北京林业大学学报》（原名《北京林学院学报》）创刊于1979年，由教育部主管、北京林业大学主办，国内外公开发行。历任主编分别为我国6位著名林学家汪振儒、沈国舫、关毓秀、王九龄、贺庆棠、尹伟伦。
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为保持学科特色，《北京林业大学学报》重点报道以林木遗传育种学、森林培育学、森林经理学、森林生态学、树木生理学、森林土壤学、森林植物学、森林保护学、自然保护区学、园林植物与观赏园艺、风景园林、水土保持与荒漠化防治、森林工程、木材科学与技术、林产化学加工工程、其他学科在林学上的应用等方面的论文。
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《北京林业大学学报》自2015年起由原来的双月刊改为单月刊，大16开本，每月月底出版。每期定价50元。各地邮局发行，邮发代号：82−304。国内统一刊号：CN 11−1932/S。如当地邮局订阅不便或错过征订时间，也可直接汇款向本刊编辑部订阅。
地址：北京市海淀区清华东路35号《北京林业大学学报》编辑部
邮编：100083 发行电话：010−62338397 联系人：刘大林
发行电子信箱：liudalin@bjfu.edu.cn
网址：http://j.bjfu.edu.cn，http://journal.bjfu.edu.cn
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图 1 播种1年后单位面积渗滤液量和氮、磷、钾流失量
不同小写字母表示不同灌浆深度间差异显著（P < 0.05)。下同。Different lowercase letters mean significant differences among varied grouting depth (P < 0.05). Same as below.
Figure 1. Volume of leachate and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium loss per unit area after 1 year of sowing
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图 2 播种1年后土壤中水解性氮、有效磷和速效钾含量
Figure 2. Hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents in soil after 1 year of sowing
表 1 客土基本信息
Table 1 Basic information of foreign soil
有机质含量
Organic
matter content/
(g·kg−1)有效磷含量
Available
phosphorus
content/
(mg·kg−1)速效钾含量
Available
potassium
content/
(mg·kg−1)水解性氮含量
Hydrolyzable
nitrogen
content/
(mg·kg−1)24.16 71.22 120.66 153.28 
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表 2 喷播后2年植物生长情况
Table 2 Plant growth condition 2 years after spray sowing
灌浆深度
Grouting depth/cm密度/（株·m−2）
Density/ (plant·m−2)平均株高
Average plant height/cm地径
Ground diameter/cm2020年4月
April, 20202021年4月
April, 20212020年4月
April, 20202021年4月
April, 20212020年4月
April, 20202021年4月
April, 20210 33c 26c 103.53c 125.38c 1.23c 2.27c 15 39b 35b 108.69b 136.63b 1.45b 2.90b 30 43a 41a 116.17a 147.25a 1.73a 3.20a 45 44a 43a 116.24a 147.14a 1.77a 3.23a 注：不同小写字母表示不同灌浆深度间差异显著（P < 0.05)。Note: different lowercase letters mean significant differences among varied grouting depth (P < 0.05).
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