Selection and validation of appropriate reference genes and expression analysis of jasmonic acid-related genes responding to Marssonina rosae in Rosa species and cultivars
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摘要:
目的 为研究蔷薇属植物响应黑斑病侵染的稳定表达的最适内参基因，解析茉莉酸在蔷薇属植物响应蔷薇盘二孢侵染过程中的作用。 方法 以黑斑病病原菌蔷薇盘二孢侵染的6个蔷薇属种/品种不同时间的离体叶片为材料，利用qRT-PCR技术及geNorm、NormFinder、BestKeeper软件对9个候选内参基因（ACT、GAPDH、PP2A、Rcl2、SAND、TIP、TUA、TUB、UBC）的表达量进行测定和分析，利用筛选出的内参基因，对蔷薇属植物茉莉酸（JA）抗病途径相关基因（COI1、OPR3、MYC2、JAR1）的表达水平进行定量分析。 结果 （1）UBC可作为6种蔷薇属植物共同适用的内参基因，可用于后续分析JA抗病途径相关基因的表达水平。（2）内源JA含量在6种蔷薇属植物响应蔷薇盘二孢侵染的过程中存在差异。在黑斑病高抗植物受侵染0 ~ 4 d间JA含量下调，4 ~ 8 d间上调。在黑斑病易感植物受侵染0 ~ 8 d间，内源JA含量呈下调趋势。（3）JA合成相关基因OPR3及JAR1表达量在受侵染初期表达量趋势存在差异。在除荷花蔷薇外的其余5种植物中，OPR3在侵染初期（0 ~ 0.5 d）表达下调，JAR1在侵染初期表达上调。OPR3和JAR1在侵染后期均表达上调，黑斑病易感材料的上调程度高于高抗材料。（4）JA信号传导相关基因COI1及MYC2在受侵染初期表达量趋势同样存在差异。COI1在黑斑病高抗材料受侵染初期上调表达，在黑斑病易感材料下调表达，MYC2在6种植物受侵染0 ~ 2 d中均下调表达。COI1及MYC2表达量在受侵染2 d后均上调表达，且在黑斑病易感植物中的上调程度大于黑斑病高抗材料。 结论 与JA信号传导相关的MYC2、COI1在蔷薇属植物抵御黑斑病病菌入侵过程中发挥负调控作用，且由JA通路介导的抵御死体营养型病原菌的侵染在后期发挥了作用。 Abstract:Objective This paper aims to select the appropriate reference gene and analyze the role of jasmonic acid in Rosa species and cultivars responding to Marssonina rosae. Method R. multiflora f. carnea, R. xanthina f. spontanea, R. glauca, R. rugosa, R. hybrida ‘Porcelina’ and R12-26 (hybrid of R. rugosa and R. hybrida ‘Porcelina’) were used as materials, qRT-PCR technology, geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper were used to evaluate the expression stability of nine candidate reference genes (ACT, GAPDH, PP2A, RCl2, SAND, TIP, TUA, TUB and UBC). The expression levels of jasmonic acid resistance pathway relatedgenes (COI1, OPR3, MYC2 and JAR1) in six Rosa species and cultivars were quantitatively analyzed. Result (1) UBC was the common reference gene of six Rosa species and cultivars responding to M. rosae, and can be used for analyzing the related gene expression levels to JA resistance pathway. (2) There were differences in JA content among the six plants responding to M. rosae. In disease-resistant plants, JA concentration decreased at 0−4 d and increased at 4−8 d. In disease-susceptible plants, JA concentration decreased at 0−8 d and increased significantly at 8−10 d. (3) The expression levels of JA synthesis-related genes OPR3 and JAR1 were different at the early stage of infection. The expression level of OPR3 was down-regulated and JAR1 up-regulated in five plants except for R. multiflora f. carnea. OPR3 and JAR1 were all up-regulated in the late stage of infection, however the up-regulation degree in black-spot susceptible species was significantly higher than that of resistant species. (4) There were also differences in the expression levels of JA signaling related genes COI1 and MYC2 at the early stage of infection. The expression of COI1 was up-regulated in disease-resistant plants and down-regulated in disease-susceptible plants at the early stage of infection, MYC2 was down-regulated in 6 plants infected 0−2 d. COI1 and MYC2 were up-regulated after 2 d of infection, and the up-regulation degree in black-spot susceptible species was significantly higher than that of resistant species. Conclusion MYC2 and COI1, which are related to JA signaling, play a negative regulatory role in the resistance of Rosa plants to the invasion of black spot pathogens, and the JA pathway mediated resistance to the invasion of dead vegetative pathogens plays a role in the later stage of infection. -
Key words:
- Rosa /
- Marssonina rosae /
- reference gene selection /
- jasmonic acid /
- expression analysis
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图 1 6种蔷薇属植物离体叶片侵染蔷薇盘二孢的发病情况
红色圆圈表示病斑开始出现。黑色圆圈表示病斑蔓延至整个叶片。Red circle indicates the disease onset with the appearance brown necrotic lesions. Black circles indicate the spread of the brown necrotic lesions throughout the whole leaf.
Figure 1. Incidence of in vitro leaves infected by M. rosae of 6 Rosa species and cultivars
图 2 9个候选内参基因响应蔷薇盘二孢侵染时的Ct值
Figure 2. Ct value of 9 candidate reference genes in response to M. rosae
图 3 利用geNorm软件计算的候选内参基因的表达稳定性及配对变异值
M代表各候选内参基因的表达稳定度。下同。M represents the average expression stability of each candidate reference gene. The same below.
Figure 3. Average expression stability values and variation values of candidate reference genes calculated by geNorm
图 4 Normfinder软件计算获得的候选内参基因的表达稳定性
Figure 4. Expression stability of candidate reference genes and by pairwise variation using Normfinder
图 5 BestKeeper软件计算获得的候选内参基因的表达稳定性
SD代表各候选内参基因Ct值的标准偏差。SD represents the standard deviation of Ct value of each candidate reference gene.
Figure 5. Expression stability of candidate reference genes calculated by BestKeeper
图 6 内源茉莉酸在蔷薇属植物响应蔷薇盘二孢侵染的含量
Figure 6. Content of JA in Rosa species and cultivars responding to M. rosae
图 7 茉莉酸相关基因在蔷薇盘二孢侵染不同时间的相对表达量
Figure 7. Relative expression level of JA-related genes at different time of M. rosae infection
表 1 基因引物基本信息
Table 1. Basic information of gene primers
基因
Gene引物序列（5′—3′）
Primer sequence (5′-3′)退火温度
Annealing temperature (Tm)/℃扩增效率
Amplification efficiency (E)/%r ACT F: TCAAGGATTGGTGGACTTCAGT
R: ACCAGAGAACAAGAATGCAAGC55 96.0 0.970 GAPDH F: TATGACCAGATCAAGGCTGCT
R: ACCAATGAAGTCGGTTGACAC55 102.5 0.999 PP2A F: TGTCACTGCATCAAAGGACAG
R: GACGAATTGTCTTCTCCACCA55 102.0 0.982 Rcl2 F: ATGGGAAATGCCCTACCT
R: CACTTGTCCGACTGTTGC55 95.7 0.969 SAND F: BGTGTTGAGGAGTTGCCTCTTG
R: AACCTGTCGGGAGAATCTGTT55 98.5 0.989 TIP F: GAATCCACGGCTGGGAAA
R: CAGTTCGTGGGTGGAGGAGTT55 104.2 0.998 TUA F: CATTGAGCGTCCCACCTA
R: CACATCCACATTCAGAGCC55 103.2 0.987 TUB F: GTACATGGCCTGCTGTTTGAT
R: ATGGTACGCTTGGTCTTGATG55 96.1 0.972 UBC F: GCCAGAGATTGCCCATATGTA
R: TCACAGAGTCCTAGCAGCACA55 103.5 0.996 COI1 F: AATGAGGGGCTGTTGCTTCA
R: GATCCCCTGTACCCTTGCAC56 102.2 0.984 MYC2 F: CGGCAGCAGCGTCAAGAAT
R: GAGGTCGGAGTGGTGGGAAT57 101.0 0.957 OPR3 F: CATCAGCGAAGGCACTTTGG
R: GGCGTCGACTACCTTCTTCC55 103.6 0.951 JAR1 F: TTGGGTGCTACTTCTTTCTCAG
R: AATTGGAGGAAGGAGGGTG57 104.4 0.952 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 9个候选内参基因的表达稳定性排序
Table 2. Expression stability ranking of 9 candidate internal reference genes
种/品种
Species/cultivar方法 Method 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 荷花蔷薇
R. multiflora f. carneageNorm UBC TIP PP2A GAPDH TUB ACT SAND TUA Rcl2 Normfinder UBC TIP PP2A GAPDH TUB ACT TUA SAND Rcl2 Bestkeeper TIP ACT UBC TUB SAND PP2A TUA GAPDH Rcl2 RefFinder UBC TIP PP2A TUB ACT GAPDH SAND TUA Rcl2 单瓣黄刺玫
R. xanthina f. spontaneageNorm UBC PP2A SAND TIP GAPDH ACT Rcl2 TUB TUA Normfinder PP2A UBC TIP SAND GAPDH ACT Rcl2 TUB TUA Bestkeeper PP2A TIP UBC ACT GAPDH SAND Rcl2 TUB TUA RefFinder PP2A UBC TIP SAND GAPDH ACT Rcl2 TUB TUA 玫瑰
R. rugosageNorm UBC TIP GAPDH TUB TUA PP2A SAND Rcl2 ACT Normfinder UBC TIP PP2A GAPDH TUB SAND TUA Rcl2 ACT Bestkeeper UBC TIP TUA TUB GAPDH SAND ACT PP2A Rcl2 RefFinder UBC TIP GAPDH TUB TUA PP2A SAND ACT Rcl2 R12-26 geNorm PP2A TIP UBC SAND GAPDH TUB TUA ACT Rcl2 Normfinder TIP GAPDH UBC PP2A SAND TUB TUA ACT Rcl2 Bestkeeper UBC ACT GAPDH TIP PP2A SAND Rcl2 TUB TUA RefFinder UBC TIP PP2A GAPDH SAND ACT TUB TUA Rcl2 红叶蔷薇
R. glaucageNorm UBC TIP SAND PP2A TUA TUB GAPDH Rcl2 ACT Normfinder UBC TIP TUA SAND PP2A TUB GAPDH Rcl2 ACT Bestkeeper SAND TIP PP2A UBC ACT TUA TUB GAPDH Rcl2 RefFinder UBC TIP SAND PP2A TUA TUB GAPDH ACT Rcl2 ‘波塞妮娜’
R. hybrida ‘Porcelina’geNorm SAND TIP UBC GAPDH PP2A ACT TUB Rcl2 TUA Normfinder GAPDH TIP UBC SAND TUB PP2A ACT Rcl2 TUA Bestkeeper PP2A UBC SAND TIP GAPDH ACT TUB Rcl2 TUA RefFinder UBC TIP SAND GAPDH PP2A TUB ACT Rcl2 TUA
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