西南喀斯特地区不同龄组马尾松人工林枯落物碳氮磷化学计量特征及其影响因子

武燕; 李歆玉; 张奕婷; 丁波; 张运林; 符裕红; 刘讯

doi:10.12171/j.1000-1522.20220052

西南喀斯特地区不同龄组马尾松人工林枯落物碳氮磷化学计量特征及其影响因子

武燕^1,,
李歆玉¹,
张奕婷²,
丁波¹,
张运林¹,
符裕红¹,
刘讯^1, ,

1.
贵州师范学院生物科学学院，贵州省高等学校林火生态与管理重点实验室，贵州贵阳 550018
2.
大庆师范学院生物工程学院，黑龙江大庆 163712

基金项目: 贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般282），贵州师范学院校级博士基金项目（2020BS026），贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般286），贵州省教育厅平台项目（[2022]051）。

详细信息

作者简介:
武燕，副教授。主要研究方向：人工林土壤生态学。Email：wuyan200081@163.com　地址：550018 贵州省贵阳市贵州师范学院生物科学学院

责任作者:
刘讯，副教授。主要研究方向：脆弱生态系统修复。Email：liuhongxun@163.com　地址：同上。

中图分类号: S791.248
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-02-08
- 修回日期: 2022-04-26
- 录用日期: 2023-12-18
- 网络出版日期: 2023-12-21
- 刊出日期: 2024-01-31

Litter carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometric characteristics and their influencing factors of Pinus massoniana plantation with different age groups in karst region of southwestern China

1.
Department of Biological Sciences, Key Laboratory of Forest Fire Ecology and Management of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550018, Guizhou, China
2.
Department of Biological Engineering, Daqing Normal University, Daqing 163712, Heilongjiang, China

摘要

摘要:
目的
揭示喀斯特地区马尾松人工林枯落物养分化学计量特征及其对林分特征、地形因子和物种多样性的响应。
方法
以西南典型喀斯特地区不同龄组（中龄林、近熟林、成过熟林）马尾松人工林为研究对象，通过野外调查和室内试验相结合的方法，分析马尾松人工林枯落物有机碳（OC）、全氮（TN）、全磷（TP）含量、化学计量特征和影响因子。
结果
（1）研究区马尾松人工林枯落物OC、TN、TP含量平均值分别为346.92、11.22、0.21 g/kg，枯落物OC、TN、TP的化学计量比C/N、C/P、N/P平均值分别为31.31、4 296.96、148.73；（2）马尾松人工林枯落物OC、TN含量和C/N在不同龄组间无显著差异（p > 0.05），TP含量随着林龄的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势（p < 0.05），中龄林枯落物C/P、N/P均显著高于近熟林和成过熟林（p < 0.05）；（3）枯落物养分TN与TP之间存在极显著的正相关线性关系（p < 0.001），枯落物C/N与OC和TN含量均存在显著的线性关系，而N/P和C/P与TP含量均存在极显著的幂函数关系；（4）影响枯落物TP的因子是灌木层和乔木层优势度指数，影响枯落物N/P和C/P的因子包括灌木层优势度指数、丰富度指数、均匀度指数和林分密度。
结论
西南喀斯特地区不同龄组间马尾松人工林枯落物TP含量、C/P和N/P具有显著差异，而乔木和灌木多样性是影响人工林枯落物碳氮磷及其化学计量比的主要因素。
- 喀斯特 /
- 马尾松人工林 /
- 枯落物 /
- 化学计量学 /
- 影响因子
Abstract:
Objective
In this study, the stoichiometric characteristics of litter and its response to stand characteristics, topographic factors and species diversity will be revealed in Pinus massoniana plantations in karst areas.
Method
Middle-aged forest, near mature forest and over mature forest of P. massoniana plantation were used as research objects, organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), the stoichiometric characteristics and influencing factors were analyzed through the combination of field investigation and laboratory test.
Result
(1) The average contents of OC, TN and TP in the litter of P. massoniana plantation in the study area were 346.92, 11.22 and 0.21 g/kg, respectively, and the average values of C/N, C/P and N/P were 31.31, 4 296.96 and 148.73, respectively. (2) There was no significant difference in OC, TN content and C/N of litter among different age groups (p > 0.05), and the content of TP increased first and then decreased with the growth of forest age (p < 0.05). The C/P and N/P of middle-aged forest were significantly higher than those of near mature forest and over mature forest (p < 0.05). (3) Significant positive and linear correlations were found between TN and TP (p < 0.001), significant linear correlations were observed between C/N and OC content, C/N and TN content, but significant power relationship was observed between C/P and TP content, N/P and TP content. (4) The TP content of litter was mainly affected by the Simpson index of shrubs and arborous layers, N/P and C/P were mainly influenced by Simpson index, Margalef index, Pielou index of shrubs and the density of plantation.
Conclusion
The TP content, C/P and N/P of the litter are significantly different among varied age groups of P. massoniana plantations, and the diversity of arborous and shrubs is the main factor affecting OC, TN, TP and their stoichiometric ratio of the litter of P. massoniana plantation in the karst area of southwestern China.
- karst /
- Pinus massoniana plantation /
- litter /
- chemometrics /
- influencing factor

HTML全文

图 1 不同龄组马尾松人工林枯落物OC、TN、TP含量及化学计量

M. 中龄林；N. 近熟林；O.成过熟林；不同小写字母表示枯落物各指标在不同龄组间差异显著（p < 0.05）。M, middle-aged forest; N, near mature forest, O, over mature forest. Different small letters indicate that there are significant differences at indexes of litter among different age groups (p < 0.05).

Figure 1. Contents and stoichiometry of OC, TN and TP in the litter of Pinus massoniana plantation in different age groups

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表 1 样地概况

Table 1 Sample plot overview

龄组 Age group	样地号 Sample plot No.	林龄/a Stand age/year	海拔 Altitude/m	坡向 Aspect	坡位 Slope position	坡度 Slope/（°）	郁闭度 Canopy density	胸径 DBH/cm	树高 Tree height/m	密度/（株·hm⁻²） Density/（tree·ha⁻¹）
中龄林 Middle-aged forest	1	20	883	西 West	上 Upper	23	0.90	11.374	9.075	2 729.86
	2	20	883	西 West	上 Upper	23	0.90	11.374	9.075	2 729.86
	3	14	779	西北 Northwest	中 Middle	18	0.70	14.226	16.454	1455.00
近熟林 Near mature forest	4	26	786	西 West	中 Middle	12	0.85	11.810	11.390	1 620.00
	5	26	770	西 West	中 Middle	5	0.60	16.040	13.550	1 290.00
	6	27	678	南 South	上 Upper	7	0.75	14.950	12.710	1 275.00
	7	26	797	西 West	中上 Upper-middle	16	0.56	14.810	14.540	1 619.92
	8	25	897	西南 Southwest	中 Middle	45	0.60	18.080	14.340	1 499.93
成过熟林 Over mature forest	9	31	912	南 South	上 Upper	15	0.75	15.800	16.990	1 799.91
	10	32	894	南 South	上 Upper	13	0.67	16.530	19.870	1 589.92
	11	70	960	南 South	中 Middle	11	0.70	25.720	16.630	719.96

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表 2 马尾松人工林枯落物OC、TP、TN含量及其化学计量比

Table 2 OC, TP and TN contents and stoichiometric ratio of litter in Pinus massoniana plantation

参数 Parameter	有机碳含量 Organic carbon content (OC)/(g·kg⁻¹)	全氮含量 Total nitrogen content (TN)/(g·kg⁻¹)	全磷含量 Total phosphorus content (TP)/(g·kg⁻¹)	C/N	C/P	N/P
平均值 Mean value	346.92	11.22	0.21	31.31	4 296.96	148.73
标准误 Standard error	10.53	0.24	0.02	1.02	877.34	35.25
最小值 Min. value	168.10	8.26	0.01	16.20	439.74	22.20
最大值 Max. value	513.84	15.11	0.45	48.87	35 435.10	1 501.77
变异系数 Variation coefficient/%	21.46	14.99	68.01	22.97	144.38	167.57

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表 3 枯落物OC、TN、TP含量及其与化学计量比间的最优拟合关系

Table 3 Optimal fitting relationship between OC, TN, TP content and stoichiometric ratio in litter

因变量 Dependent variable（y）	自变量 Independent variable（x）
因变量 Dependent variable（y）	OC	TN	TP
TN	y= 0.006x + 9.09（R² = 0.07，p > 0.05）
TP	y = −0.000 3x + 0.31（R² = 0.02，p > 0.05）	y = 0.076x + 4.85（R² = 0.62，p < 0.001）
C/N	y = 0.076x + 4.85（R² = 0.62，p < 0.001）	y = −1.55x + 48.69（R² = 0.14，p < 0.05）	y = −4.92x + 32.34（R² = 0.01，p > 0.05）
N/P	y = −0.17x + 207.76（R² = 0.003，p > 0.05）	y = 40.98x − 310.94（R² = 0.077，p > 0.05）	y = 10.95x^−1.01（R² = 0.98，p < 0.001）
C/P	y = 4.53x + 2 724.3（R² = 0.003，p > 0.05）	y = 890.99x – 5 698.1（R² = 0.06，p > 0.05）	y = 339.13x^−0.99（R² = 0.94，p < 0.001）

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表 4 林分特征、地形和物种多样性对OC、TN、TP及其化学计量特征的影响

Table 4 Effects of stand characteristics, topography and species diversity on OC, TN, TP and their stoichiometric characteristics

因变量 Independent variables	自变量和常量 Dependent variables and constant	B	SE	标准系数 Standard coefficient	t	p	R²
OC	常量 Constant	367.70	70.77		5.20	< 0.001	0.33
	D_乔木层	95.33	26.52	0.57	3.60	< 0.001
	D_灌木层	−56.30	20.30	−0.47	−2.77	< 0.01
	坡度 Slope	−3.05	0.90	−0.44	−3.38	< 0.001
	密度 Density	0.06	0.02	0.42	2.69	< 0.01
TN	常量 Constant	1.38	0.10		14.25	< 0.001	0.13
TN	D_灌木层	−0.10	0.04	−0.36	−2.69	< 0.01	0.13
TP	常量 Constant	0.69	0.07		9.41	< 0.001	0.49
	C_灌木层	−1.90	0.39	−0.55	−4.88	< 0.001
	C_乔木层	−0.21	0.09	−0.28	−2.46	< 0.05
N/P	常量 Constant	−439.03	115.71		−3.79	< 0.001	0.49
	C_灌木层	681.20	168.02	1.14	4.05	< 0.001
	D_灌木层	37.06	9.67	0.91	3.83	< 0.001
	${J}'_{灌木层}$	222.44	77.04	0.70	2.89	< 0.01
	密度 Density	0.04	0.01	0.69	5.13	< 0.001
C/P	常量 Constant	−101 674.87	27 675.36		−3.67	< 0.001	0.54
	C_灌木层	164 567.55	40 188.93	1.08	4.10	< 0.001
	D_灌木层	8 785.66	2 313.12	0.85	3.80	< 0.001
	密度 Density	9.49	1.68	0.72	5.67	< 0.001
	${J}'_{灌木层}$	48 226.05	18 426.41	0.60	2.62	< 0.05
注：C. Simpson优势度指数；D. Margalef丰富度指数；J′. Pielou均匀度指数。Notes: C, Simpson dominance index; D, Margalef richness index; J′, Pielou evenness index.

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