水曲柳雌雄株叶片光合及化学计量特征对外源激素的响应

李晨晞; 卫星; 汤静文; 程鑫; 刘净; 彭政淋; 苏安然; 苏嘉熙; 毋程琳; 吴纯泽

doi:10.12171/j.1000-1522.20220335

水曲柳雌雄株叶片光合及化学计量特征对外源激素的响应

Response of photosynthetic and stoichiometric characteristics of female and male leaves of Fraxinus mandshurica to exogenous hormones

摘要

摘要:
目的评估外源激素添加对水曲柳雌雄株叶片光合及化学计量的影响，阐明不同性别水曲柳间对不同激素配比组合的差异响应，为开展水曲柳精准化培育提供依据。

方法试验采用双因素四水平析因试验设计，以水曲柳成熟人工林雌株和雄株为试验对象，通过树干滴注法分别对雌株和雄株进行赤霉素（GA₃）和细胞分裂素（6-BA）激素处理。测定雌株和雄株的光合参数、叶面积、叶绿素含量（SPAD）、叶片碳（C）、氮（N）含量和C/N值。

结果（1）雌株最优激素处理为A₂B₁（GA₃ 60 mg/L，6-BA 30 mg/L），叶片C含量明显提升，且叶片N含量、C/N值最高，叶面积和SPAD值显著提高（P < 0.05），净光合速率取得最高值。（2）雄株最优激素处理为A₃B₂（GA₃ 90 mg/L，6-BA 60 mg/L），叶片C、N含量均取得最高值，C/N值取得次高值，叶面积和SPAD值显著提高（P < 0.05），净光合速率取得最高值；（3）整体上，激素处理后雌株的光合和化学计量指标高于雄株。
结论水曲柳雌株在GA₃ 60 mg/L、6-BA 30mg/L，雄株在GA₃ 90 mg/L、6-BA 60 mg/L处理下，叶片的光合功能最优，叶片C、N含量显著提高。水曲柳雌株和雄株叶片光合及化学计量特征对外源激素种类、配比具有明显的差异响应。

Abstract:
Objective This paper aims to assess the effects of exogenous hormone addition on the photosynthesis and stoichiometry of male and female Fraxinus mandshurica leaves, elucidate differential responses to different hormone ratio combinations between male and female Fraxinus mandshurica, and provide a basis for precision breeding of Fraxinus mandshurica.
Method The experiment utilized a two-factor, four-level fractional factorial experimental design, with mature female and male F. mandshurica trees from artificial forests as the test subjects. Gibberellin (GA₃) and cytokinin (6-BA) hormone treatments were administered separately to female and male trees through stem drip method. The photosynthetic parameters, leaf area, chlorophyll content (SPAD), leaf carbon (C), nitrogen (N) content, and C/N ratio of female and male trees were measured.
Result (1) The optimal hormone treatment for female trees was A₂B₁ (GA₃ 60 mg/L, 6-BA 30 mg/L), which significantly increased leaf C content, and had the highest leaf N content and C/N ratio, as well as significantly increased leaf area and SPAD value (P < 0.05), achieving the highest net photosynthetic rate. (2) The optimal hormone treatment for male trees was A₃B₂ (GA₃ 90 mg/L, 6-BA 60 mg/L), which achieved the highest leaf C and N content, the second highest C/N ratio, significantly increased leaf area and SPAD value (P < 0.05), and the highest net photosynthetic rate. (3) Overall, the photosynthetic and stoichiometric indicators of female trees were higher than those of male trees after hormone treatment.
Conclusion Female F. mandshurica trees have optimal photosynthetic functionality with GA₃ 60 mg/L and 6-BA 30 mg/L treatment, while male trees show optimal photosynthetic functionality with GA₃ 90 mg/L and 6-BA 60 mg/L treatment. Leaf carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) content are significantly increased under these treatments. The photosynthetic and stoichiometric characteristics of female and male Fraxinus mandshurica leaves show significant differential responses to the type and ratio of exogenous hormones.

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