不同郁闭度林下施用污泥产品对菘蓝重金属富集的影响

王书婷; 彭祚登; 杨文彬; 杨扬; 杨海婷; 马富亮; 白家云; 熊建军

doi:10.12171/j.1000-1522.20240031

不同郁闭度林下施用污泥产品对菘蓝重金属富集的影响

Effects of sludge product application on heavy metal enrichment in Isatis tinctoria under different canopy densities

摘要

摘要:
目的为探究林下施用污泥产品对套作菘蓝的安全性和品质的影响，在不同郁闭度林下开展了污泥对菘蓝重金属富集影响的试验。
方法分别在不同郁闭度（0.3、0.6、0.8）的林下撒施0、30 t//hm²污泥产品后种植菘蓝，比较分析各生长期不同处理对菘蓝药用部位养分吸收、重金属富集和有效成分含量的影响。
结果（1）施用污泥产品提高了菘蓝组织中的氮、磷、钾含量，对全氮含量的改善最佳。（2）施用污泥产品增加了菘蓝组织对重金属镉、砷和锌的富集作用，降低了菘蓝叶片对汞的富集作用。（3）施用污泥产品降低了菘蓝根部有效成分的含量，但提高了重度郁闭林下菘蓝叶片中靛玉红的含量。
结论按目前的标准施用30 t/hm²污泥产品会导致菘蓝组织中重金属富集较高，从而影响菘蓝的药用品质。

Abstract:
Objective This paper aims to investigate the safety and quality effects in Isatis tinctoria grown under forests after applying sludge products.
Method I. tinctoria was planted under the forests after spreading 0 and 30 t/ha of sludge products at different canopy densities (0.3, 0.6, 0.8), respectively. The effects of different treatments on nutrient uptake, heavy metal enrichment and active ingredient content of medicinal parts of I. tinctoria at different growth stages were comparatively analyzed.
Result (1) The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents in tissues of I. tinctoria were increased after applying sludge products, and the best improvement was total nitrogen content. (2) The enrichments in tissues of I. tinctoria for the heavy metals cadmium, arsenic and zinc were increased after applying sludge products. However, the enrichment in leaves of I. tinctoria for mercury decreased. (3) The content of active ingredients in root of I. tinctoria was reduced after applying sludge products, but the content of indigofera in leaves of I. tinctoria grown under heavy canopy density increased.
Conclusion The application of 30 t/ha sludge products at the current standard results in a high concentration of heavy metals in tissues of I. tinctoria, which affects the medicinal quality of I. tinctoria.

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