扁枝槲寄生在茶树群落中分布的影响因子
Major factors affecting the distribution of Viscum articulatum Burm in an ancient cultivated tea plantation.
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摘要: 基于单数茶树与样方尺度对影响扁枝槲寄生分布的因子进行回归模拟分析。结果表明:1)扁枝槲寄生的平均寄生株率达40%,株高频度分布为生态分布,分支数为左偏正态分布,常分布在树高的1/3~3/4处;扁枝槲寄生的分布对茶树因子的依赖程度高于环境因子。2)基于单株茶树尺度,影响扁枝槲寄生分布的因子大小顺序为:冠幅地径树高枝下高苔藓/地衣覆盖率。具有较大冠幅、地径≥11 cm、树高≥3.1 m、枝下高在23~55 cm且苔藓覆盖率较高的茶树上寄生较多。3)基于群落样方尺度,影响扁枝槲寄生分布的环境因子大小顺序为:海拔坡向郁闭度坡度。扁枝槲寄生在调查地区主要分布海拔1 420 m以上,山顶或山谷并无分布,西北、东南坡及郁闭度高的环境下更适合生长,坡度越大越有利于其生长。4)光照、水分是影响扁枝槲寄生的主导环境因子,寄主群落因子导致了光照、水分的再分配,从而影响着扁枝槲寄生在茶树上的分布位置。
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关键词:
- 扁枝槲寄生
- / 古茶园群落
- / 分布
- / TreeNet2TM模型
Abstract: The aims of this study were to explore the distribution of Viscun articulatum in tea comunity and carry out a regression analysis of the factors affecting the distribution of V. articulatum based on the data of individual tea trees at the quadrat level. The results showed that 1) the mean rate of V. articulatum parasitism on tea trees was about 40%, and the frequency distribution of height for V. articulatum followed the ecological distribution while the number of branches was in the left skewed normal distribution, with most of them preferring to grow at 1/3--3/4 of the tree height. The distribution of V. articulatum depended more on tea tree characteristics than on environmental factors. 2) At single tea tree level, tea tree characteristics may have effect on the distribution of V. articulatum in the order of canopy ground diameter tree height height under branch mosses/lichen coverage. The tea trees with a high mosses/lichen coverage, large canopy, ground diameter ≥11 cm, height ≥3.1 m and HUD of 23--55 cm were found to be the most likely hosts of V. articulatum. 3) At the quadrat level, environmental factors affecting the distribution of V. articulatum were ranked as elevation slope aspect canopy density slope degree. V. articulatum is mainly distributed in the study area at elevations higher than 1 420 m, scarcely at mountain top or valleys. It was found to be more abundant in northwest and southeast slopes as well as in the areas with high canopy density. The greater the slope degree is, the better it grows. 4) Light and water were the dominant environmental factors affecting the distribution of V. articulatum, and the host community factors led to the reallocation of light and moisture, thus affecting the distribution position of V. articulatum in tea trees.-
Key words:
- Viscum articulatum Burm
- / ancient cultivated tea plantation
- / distribution
- / TreeNet2TM
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