Morphological observation of vessel elements in secondary xylem of Ribes
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摘要: 茶藨子属植物是经济价值较高的一个类群,但该属植物形态变异幅度大,拥有两性花和单性花的两大复杂类群,属下分类难度较大。本研究利用光学显微技术和扫描电镜技术,对茶藨子属7个亚属20种植物导管分子的形态结构进行了较系统的研究。结果显示: 1)茶藨子属植物导管分子均具孔纹导管类型,有一些种类兼具螺纹导管类型,该属导管分子均具尾部,尾部长短不一。 2)导管分子长度250~440 μm,直径15~30 μm,该属植物导管分子属于细小类型。 3)穿孔板类型为梯状穿孔板,且穿孔板上横隔数量在5.2~11.0之间,端壁倾斜角度较小,在13.33°~18.95°之间,且种属间变化不大;东北茶藨子、矮茶藨子、木里茶藨子、紫花茶藨子具有网—梯过渡穿孔板,长刺茶藨子、小果茶藨子、华茶藨子具梯—单过渡穿孔板。 4)香茶藨子、老铁山腺毛茶藨子与木里茶藨子个别导管分子具侧壁穿孔板。5)纹孔式样为互列式或兼有互列式和对列式,纹孔形状种间存在较大差异,有圆形、近圆形、菱形、条形以及线形。 6)导管分子内壁形态各异,多为较光滑的内壁,也有较粗糙的内壁,即导管分子内壁有大小不等的圆形点状突起物,或由大小不等的突起物构成网状突起。Abstract: The Ribes is a genus with higher economic value while the morphology of this genus varies significantly. Flowers can be unisexual or bisexual as two complex groups; therefore, the classification of its subgenera is considerably difficult. In order to provide valuable reference for the phylogeny of this genus, the morphological structure of vessel elements of 20 species of seven subgenera of Ribes were observed and compared by using light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The main results are as follows. 1) The vessel elements of Ribes are pitted and threaded, and have tails with varied length in all the seven subgenera. 2) The vessel elements of Ribes are thin and small, with the length ranging from 250 to 440 μm and the diameter from 15 to 30 μm. 3) Perforated plate type is mainly scalariform and the average number of bars is 5.2 to 11.0, the angle of side walls is smaller, ranging from 13.33 to 18.95 degree, and does not vary much among species, with R. mandshuricum, R. triste, R. moupinense var. muliense and R. luridum presenting reticulate-scalariform transitional perforated plate and R. alpestre, R. vilmorinii and R. fasciculatum var. chinense bearing scalariform-simple transitional perforated plate. 4) There are lateral-wall perforation plates in R. odoratum, R. girdldii var. polyanthum and R. moupinense var. muliense. 5) There are solely alternate pitting pattern, or both alternate pitting and opposite pitting pattern, while the pit shape shows some variations such as round, near round, rhombus, strip and linear type. 6) The shapes of the inner wall of the vessel elements vary. Most of them are smooth and some are rough ones that have round protrusions of different sizes or reticular projections comprised of round protrusions of varying sizes.
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Keywords:
- Ribes L. /
- vessel element /
- perforated plate /
- pit
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