Growth and developmental analysis of T1 generation from BpAP1 transgenic birch.
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摘要: 本文以3株野生型白桦为母本、3株35S∷BpAP1转基因白桦及1株野生型白桦为父本进行杂交,调查杂种子代的生长发育、开花结实特性,分析外源AP1基因在T1代白桦中的遗传稳定性及分离规律。结果表明:BpAP1基因的插入对转基因植株的花粉活力略有影响,BpAP1基因可遗传给T1代的部分个体,遗传比例在36%~58%之间,经χ2检验,BpAP1基因的分离比符合孟德尔分离定律;遗传了BpAP1基因的白桦子代与父本一样仍然呈现出提前开花结实、明显矮化的特点,其1年生和2年生的高生长仅为野生型白桦杂种子代的44.19%和18.92%;T1代白桦存在2种完全不同的表型,据此能够简便快捷地判断出杂种子代是否携带有BpAP1基因。该研究证明了外源AP1基因可以通过有性生殖的方式稳定地遗传给子代,获得的转基因白桦杂种子代能够提早开花结实,因此35S∷BpAP1转基因白桦可作为研究白桦性状遗传规律的亲本材料。Abstract: Woody plants are characterized by long developing period and high heterozygosity. It is important to shorten the life cycle of trees in tree breeding. APETALA1 (AP1) is a member of MADS-box gene family involved in flower development in plants. Overexpression of AP1 genes induces early flowering in transgenic plants. In order to investigate the genetic stability and regularity of foreign BpAP1 gene in BpAP1 transgenic birch, we generated T1 generation seedlings using three 35S∷BpAP1 transgenic plants and one wild-type plant as male parents, and three wild-type birch, Betula platyphylla × Betula pendula, as female parents. The growth, development and flowering characteristics of the T1 generation seedlings were analyzed. The results indicated that the foreign BpAP1 slightly influenced the pollen vitality of transgenic plants. About 36%-58% of T1 generation inherited the foreign BpAP1 gene from their parents. Chi-square test of BpAP1 gene segregation ratios revealed that BpAP1 was inherited in accordance with Mendelian inheritance. T1 generation seedlings carrying BpAP1 gene inherited the characteristics of early flowering and dwarfism from their male parent. The average heights of 1-and 2-year-old T1 generation seedlings carrying BpAP1 gene were significantly shorter than the progeny from hybridization of wild-type birch with the percentages of 44.19% and 18.92%, respectively. The phenotypes of T1 generation birch carrying foreign BpAP1 gene were quite different from the ones that were lack of foreign BpAP1 gene. According to the different phenotypes, we can infer whether the T1 generation seedlings carry BpAP1 gene or not. Our study proved that the exogenous AP1 gene can be stably inherited by sexual reproduction, and the acquired transgenic birch lines exhibited accelerated flowering time and a shortened juvenile phase, indicating that it can be used as parent materials for genetic studies on birch traits.
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Keywords:
- BpAP1 /
- growth and development /
- genetic regularity /
- Betula platyphylla × B. pendula
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