Effects of nitrogen addition on litter decomposition and nutrient release in typical broadleaf-Korean pine mixed forest
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摘要: 为探索氮添加对原始阔叶红松林凋落叶分解及养分动态的影响,以红松、枫桦、水曲柳及3个树种混合凋落叶为研究对象,采用凋落物袋法,进行了2年的分解试验。施N水平分别为N0(0 kg/(hm2·a))、N1(30 kg/(hm2·a))、N2(60 kg/(hm2·a))和N3(120 kg/(hm2·a))。结果表明:施N对混合凋落叶分解影响显著(P0.05)。凋落叶质量残留率与其基质N含量呈显著负相关,与碳含量及C/N比均为显著正相关。施N促进凋落叶N含量升高,凋落叶P含量受时间和N处理交互作用影响显著。施N促进水曲柳凋落叶N、P释放,抑制红松、枫桦和混合凋落叶N、P释放。N3处理抑制红松凋落叶C释放,促进水曲柳凋落叶C释放,N1处理促进水曲柳与混合凋落叶C释放。说明N处理能够调节养分释放模式,并对森林生态系统C及养分循环有显著调控作用。Abstract: A two-year field experiment was conducted in a typical broadleaf-Korean pine mixed forest in Xiaoxing'an Mountains, northeastern China, to explore the short-term effects of nitrogen (N) addition on litter decomposition and nutrient dynamics of Pinus koraiensis, Betula costata, Fraxinus mandshurica and the mixture of above species, using a litterbag method. Four levels of N addition were control (N0, 0 kg/(ha·a), low N (N1, 30 kg/(ha·a), medium N (N2, 60 kg/(ha·a) and high N (N3, 120 kg/(ha·a). N addition accelerated the decomposition rate of mixed leaf litter significantly (P0.05). The decomposition remaining rate of leaf litter had a significantly negative correlation with N concentration of substrate and a significantly positive correlation with C concentration and C/N ratio of the substrate. For all four leaf litter types, N addition increased the N concentration, and the interaction between time and N treatments influenced significantly phosphorus (P) concentration. N addition promoted N and P release of F. mandshurica leaf litter, but inhibited the release of the other three leaf litter types. N3 treatment inhibited carbon (C) release in P. koraiensis leaf litter and accelerated that in F. mandshurica leaf litter, while N1 treatment accelerated C release in F. mandshurica and mixed leaf litter. We suggest that N addition affects nutrient release patterns of leaf litter and has a significant influence in regulating carbon and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystem.
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