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    陈曦, 辛颖, 赵雨森. 切根贴膜对农田防护林杨树叶片解剖特征及光合生理特性的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2017, 39(4): 38-45. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20160406
    引用本文: 陈曦, 辛颖, 赵雨森. 切根贴膜对农田防护林杨树叶片解剖特征及光合生理特性的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2017, 39(4): 38-45. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20160406
    CHEN Xi, XIN Ying, ZHAO Yu-sen. Effects of root excision mulched with plastic film on leaf anatomical characteristics and photosynthetic characteristics of poplar farmland shelterbelts[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2017, 39(4): 38-45. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20160406
    Citation: CHEN Xi, XIN Ying, ZHAO Yu-sen. Effects of root excision mulched with plastic film on leaf anatomical characteristics and photosynthetic characteristics of poplar farmland shelterbelts[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2017, 39(4): 38-45. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20160406

    切根贴膜对农田防护林杨树叶片解剖特征及光合生理特性的影响

    Effects of root excision mulched with plastic film on leaf anatomical characteristics and photosynthetic characteristics of poplar farmland shelterbelts

    • 摘要: 以黑龙江省黑土区农田防护林为研究对象,以不切根贴膜为对照,研究距树干0.5、1、2 m切根贴膜处理对杨树光合生理特性、气孔特征及叶绿体超微结构的影响。结果表明:切根贴膜1个月后的杨树净光合速率与对照相比显著降低,下降幅度随着断根强度的加大而增加;切根贴膜3个月后,杨树净光合速率基本恢复到对照水平。切根贴膜处理后的杨树净光合速率下降时伴随着气孔阻力的升高和胞间CO2浓度的下降,表明杨树净光合速率的下降主要是由气孔限制因子引起的。切根贴膜1个月后的杨树叶片上下表皮气孔密度与对照相比均明显降低,之后不断增加,下表皮气孔密度在切根贴膜2个月后已明显高于对照。切根贴膜1个月后杨树叶绿体超微结构受到明显影响,随着断根强度的加大,叶绿体发生膨胀,有明显质壁分离现象,叶绿体片层模糊,淀粉粒体积变小,数量减少,嗜锇颗粒数量大量增加;切根贴膜3个月后的杨树叶片叶绿体超微结构得到了较好的恢复,距树干1、2 m切根贴膜处理的叶绿体中淀粉粒的数量和体积有明显增加现象。杨树因切根贴膜而导致的叶片结构与功能的损伤是可逆的,杨树通过改变自身的光合生理特性来适应切根贴膜所导致的水分胁迫,叶片气孔形态及叶绿体超微结构都发生了适应性变化,这种变化与断根强度相关。综合分析,距树干0.5、1、2 m处切根贴膜是可行的。

       

      Abstract: The photosynthetic and stomatal characteristics and chloroplast ultrastructure of poplar were discussed in shelterbelts of black soil region in Heilongjiang Province, northeastern China. The poplars were treated with the root excisions mulched with film from the trunk 0.5, 1 and 2 m, compared with no treatments (CK). The results indicated that net photosynthesis rate of treated poplars decreased significantly compared with CK. The decreasing degree enhanced with the increasing root excision strength after one month. Three months after root excision, the net photosynthesis rate of the poplars almost returned to CK values. The net photosynthetic rate of treated poplars declined, with the stomatal resistance of leaves increasing and the intercellular CO2 concentration decreasing. These phenomena suggested that the decreasing net photosynthetic rate was mainly caused by stomatal limitation. The stomatal density of the upper and lower epidermis of the poplar leaves was obviously decreased than CK after one month. Two months later, with the stomatal density increasing continuously, the lower epidermis of the poplar leaves was significantly higher than CK. After one month of treatments, chloroplast ultrastructure of poplar leaves was significantly changed. With the root excision strength increasing, the phenomena were as followings: the chloroplast showed expansion, the plasmolysis was more evident, lamellae of chloroplast were blurred, starch grain volumes became smaller and the quantity was reduced, the number of the osmiophilic granules had increased enormously. Chloroplast ultrastructure of the treated poplar leaves was recovered well and the number and volume of starch granules in the chloroplasts were significantly increased in the treatments of root excision mulched with film from the trunk 1 and 2 m after three months. The structural and functional injuries of treated poplar leaves were reversible. The photosynthetic characteristics, the stomatal morphology and the chloroplast ultrastructure of poplar leaves had adapted to the water stress causing by root excision mulched with film. These changes were correlated with the intensity of root excision. In summary, the treatments of root excision mulched with film in the distance from the trunk 0.5, 1 and 2 m are reasonable.

       

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