Species diversity of Larix principis-rupprechtii communities in Shanxi Province of northern China
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摘要: 本文以华北落叶松群落为研究对象，在山西境内共调查了40个典型样地，应用数量生态学的相关计算方法对华北落叶松群落进行了TWINSPAN分类，依据不同的指示种将40个典型样地划分成为10个群丛。通过运用Patrick物种丰富度指数(R)、Simpson指数(D)、Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)和Pielou均匀度指数(E)分别研究了山西华北落叶松群落的物种多样性。由于群落H′指数受到R指数和E指数共同影响，因此H′指数含有较多群落组成结构、分布状况的信息，H′指数的结果表明：10个群丛物种的多样性指数顺序为群丛2>群丛1>群丛3>群丛9>群丛4>群丛5>群丛10>群丛6>群丛7>群丛8。10个群丛的物种多样性指数均较高，且存在较大差异，表明了山西华北落叶松群落的结构复杂，组织水平高，生长环境适宜。3个层片的多样性指数总体上呈现出草本层＞灌木层＞乔木层，说明草本层的物种最为丰富, 对于群落总体多样性的贡献最为突出。各多样性指数的方差分析结果表明, 10个群丛的指数R差异显著(P < 0.05)，H′差异极显著(P < 0.01)，而D和E两者的差异性并不显著(P>0.05)。Abstract: In order to explore the species diversity of Larix principis-rupprechtii forests in Shanxi Province of northern China, 40 typical sample plots of Larix principis-rupprechtii forests were investigated from the field. Based on the result of TWINSPAN classification, the communities were classified into 10 associations. The species diversity of Larix principis-rupprechtii communities in Shanxi was studied by species richness index (R), Simpson index (D), Shannon-Wiener index (H′) and Pielou evenness index (E). Through this study, it is hopeful to provide scientific basis for protection and rational exploitation of Larix principis-rupprechtii communities. Community H′ index was affected by R and E indexes together, containing more information about community composition structure and distribution condition. The results indicated that the rank of species richness index for ten associations was association 2>association 1>association 3>association 9>association 4>association 5>association 10>association 6>association 7>association 8. All Larix principis-rupprechtii associations had higher species diversity index, and it had big difference in the different associations. It showed that the Larix principis-rupprechtii communities had more complex structure, higher organization level and appropriate growth environment. The biodiversity index was the highest in herb layer, followed by the shrub layer and the forest layer, which suggested that the herb layer contributed to the overall community richness mostly. The results of one-way ANOVA for those indices among 10 associations showed that R had a significant difference (P < 0.05), and H′ had extremely significant difference (P < 0.01), while the difference between D and E was not significant (P>0.05).
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Keywords:
- Shanxi Province /
- Larix principis-rupprechtii /
- species diversity
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图 1 山西华北落叶松群落10个群丛的物种多样性指数
同列不同字母表示群丛多样性在P < 0.05水平差异显著。
Figure 1. Species diversity index of 10 associations of Larix principis-rupprechtii communities in Shanxi Province
Different letters in the same column mean significant difference among associations at P < 0.05 level.
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图 2 山西华北落叶松群落10个群丛乔木层、灌木层和草本层多样性指数
Figure 2. Species diversity indices of the tree, shrub and herb layers of the 10 associations of Larix principis-rupprechtii communities in Shanxi Province
表 1 山西华北落叶松群落物种多样性指数方差分析结果
Table 1 ANOVA for the species diversity indices of Larix principis-rupprechtii communities in Shanxi Province
多样性指数
Diversity index组间平方和
Square sum among classes (SSa)组间dfdf
amongclasses组内平方
和Square sum within class (SSe)组内dfdf
withinclass组间均方和
Mean square sum among classes (MSa)组内均方和
Mean square sum within class (MSe)F P R 1 011.860 7 1 407.851 30 144.551 46.928 3.080 0.014 D 0.091 7 0.174 30 0.013 0.006 2.257 0.057 H′ 2.288 7 1.945 30 0.327 0.065 5.043 0.001 E 0.069 7 0.267 30 0.010 0.009 1.111 0.382 
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