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    闫明, 刘鹏举, 蒋育昊, 张英凯, 孙丽. 基于DEM与太阳辐射的北京市山地坡向提取方法研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(1): 67-73. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170311
    引用本文: 闫明, 刘鹏举, 蒋育昊, 张英凯, 孙丽. 基于DEM与太阳辐射的北京市山地坡向提取方法研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(1): 67-73. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170311
    Yan Ming, Liu Peng-ju, Jiang Yu-hao, Zhang Ying-kai, Sun Li. Extraction method of slope aspect based on DEM and solar radiation in mountain area of Beijing[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2018, 40(1): 67-73. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170311
    Citation: Yan Ming, Liu Peng-ju, Jiang Yu-hao, Zhang Ying-kai, Sun Li. Extraction method of slope aspect based on DEM and solar radiation in mountain area of Beijing[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2018, 40(1): 67-73. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20170311

    基于DEM与太阳辐射的北京市山地坡向提取方法研究

    Extraction method of slope aspect based on DEM and solar radiation in mountain area of Beijing

    • 摘要:
      目的坡向是描述地形的重要因子,基于DEM提取坡向对于自然生境分析与地理生态过程模拟具有重要意义。同时,由于山地地形复杂,坡面太阳辐射受地形遮挡影响很大。本文基于DEM与太阳辐射研究山地坡向提取方法,既保持了DEM计算山地坡向的客观性,又能和坡面阴阳属性保持良好的一致性,为山地气象、土壤分布、立地条件、适宜性分析等有关研究奠定基础。
      方法以DEM数字地形分析技术为基础,应用基于DEM的太阳辐射分析模型,探究太阳辐射量与坡向、坡度和海拔之间的关系,建立北京地区太阳辐射参考模型,并计算样地点标准太阳辐射;依据样地点DEM计算太阳辐射与标准太阳辐射推导出太阳辐射等效坡向。
      结果以北京市一类清查数据山区的2 000个样地点为测试数据,将30、60、90、120、150、200 m空间分辨率的DEM计算坡向作为评判标准,建立太阳辐射参考模型,其中1 398个样地点的DEM计算太阳辐射与标准太阳辐射差异小于5%,太阳辐射等效坡向与30 m空间分辨率DEM计算坡向保持一致,占全部样地点69.9%;602个样地点受地形遮挡较大,依据太阳辐射参考模型计算进行调整,调整后其中583个样地点的太阳辐射等效坡向与评判标准一致。
      结论与一类清查人工测量坡向的比较表明:测试数据中样地点的太阳辐射等效坡向与评判标准一致性达到99.05%,而测试数据中样地点的人工测量坡向与评判标准一致性为72.05%。因此,依据本文方法推导出的太阳辐射等效坡向能反映出实际太阳辐射的信息,推导的坡向科学实用,为森林资源调查、立地分析等研究与生产提供了坡向获取的新方法。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveSlope aspect is an important part of site factors and is very important for terrain analysis. Calculating slope aspect based on DEM is of great significance to natural habitat analysis and geo-ecological process simulation. Terrain is so complex in mountain area that the solar radiation of slope has large differences due to terrain shading. In this paper, the method of slope aspect extraction based on DEM and solar radiation has maintained the objectivity of slope aspect calculated from DEM in mountain area. At the same time, it can be consisted with the sunny and shady slope aspects. This lays the foundation for the study of mountain meteorology, soil distribution, site conditions and suitability analysis.
      MethodBased on the digital terrain analysis, a solar radiation reference model in Beijing area was established to realize an extraction method of solar radiation equivalent slope aspect, in which the model of solar radiation analysis based on DEM was applied to explore the relationship between solar radiation and slope aspect, slope degree and altitude. The standard solar radiation was calculated based on the elevation, slope degree and slope aspect of the plots, a solar radiation equivalent slope aspect was inferred with slope aspect calculated from DEM and standard solar radiation.
      Result2000 plots of the forest resource survey (FRS) in Beijing mountain area were selected as the test data. The slope aspect calculated from DEM with cell size 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 200 m was taken as the evaluation criterion. There were 1 398 plots of which the difference between solar radiation and standard solar radiation was less than 5%, which accounted for 69.9% of the whole plots. The slope aspect of these plots can be calculated from the 30 m DEM. Terrain shading had a larger impact on 602 plots. According to the calculation of solar radiation reference model, the solar radiation equivalent slope aspect of 583 plots was consistent with the evaluation criterion.
      ConclusionThe consistency analysis with evaluation criterion showed that the consistency of the solar radiation equivalent slope aspect in the test data reached 99.05%, while the consistency of the FRS slope aspect in the test data was 72.05%. Therefore, the proposed method of solar radiation equivalent slope aspect can reflect the influence of terrain shading based on this method, the extraction of the aspect was scientific and practical, so that a new and more objective method for calculating aspect was provided for the research and production practice of the forest resource survey and site conditions.

       

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