Estimation models of leaf biomass and nutrient content for Caragana korshinskii in Kubuqi Sandy Land of northern China
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摘要:目的柠条是一种生长迅速、枝叶茂盛、防风固沙能力强大的豆科植物，且茎叶粗蛋白含量相对较高，具有广泛的饲用开发前景，但柠条灌丛在不同发育阶段叶生物量和体内营养物质含量差异较大，其饲用性受到一定限制。因此，了解柠条各生长阶段叶生物量及其营养物质含量变化情况成为打破柠条叶片利用局限性的关键。方法本试验以库布齐沙地柠条灌丛为研究对象，分别测量了不同林龄、不同发育时期柠条的叶生物量及营养物质含量，并构建了柠条不同生长年限叶生物量动态模型、生长参数与叶生物量估测模型以及叶片营养物质动态变化模型。结果(1) 不同生长年限，柠条叶生物量年内变化均呈现出先增长后降低的趋势，在7月份2年生、3年生、5年生柠条叶生物量分别达到0.14、0.32、1.40 kg/株的最高峰值，生长拟合曲线R2>0.8，F检验结果均达到显著水平(P < 0.05)。(2)不同生长年限，柠条叶片粗蛋白含量平均达16.0%以上，年内总体变化呈下降趋势(拟合曲线R2>0.8)，且最高值均出现在每年的5月份。(3)不同生长年限，柠条叶片内中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量无明显变化规律，且年内变化趋势各不相同。结论根据研究结果可以发现7月份柠条叶生物量达到最大值，5月份柠条叶粗蛋白含量达到最大值。因此，根据柠条叶片生育期及其营养价值等综合考虑，建议5月、7月为主要利用时期。Abstract:ObjectiveCaragana korshinskii is a kind of leguminous plant with rapid growth, exuberant foliage, strong wind and sand fixing ability. Meanwhile, the crude protein (CP) content of stem and leaf is relatively high and it has a wide range of forage development prospects. However, the leaf biomass and nutrient contents of caragana are different at various stages of development and its forage ability is limited. Therefore, in order to break the limitations of the use of caragana leaves, we should understand the changes of leaf biomass and nutrient content during the growth stages of caragana.MethodThe study used caragana as research material in Kubuqi Sandy Land of northern China. Meanwhile, we measured leaf biomass and nutrient contents of caragana at different growth years and varied developing stages. In addition, we constructed the dynamic models of leaf biomass of caragana at different growth years, the estimation model of growth parameter and leaf biomass and the dynamic model of leaf nutrient contents.Result(1) For different growth years, the leaf biomass of caragana increased first and then decreased within the year. The leaf biomass of 2, 3 and 5 years old caragana reached the peak value in July and the leaf content was 0.14, 0.32, 1.40 kg per plant, respectively, the determining coefficient of the growth fitting curve was greater than 0.8, and the results of F test all reached a significant level (P < 0.05). (2) The CP content of caragana leaves was all over 16.0% during different growth years, and the overall change showed a downward trend during the year (the determining coefficient of the fitting curve was greater than 0.8), and the highest CP contents appeared in May each year. (3) There were no significant changes in the contents of neutral detergent fibers and acidic detergent fibers in caragana at different growth years, and the change trend was different within the year.ConclusionAccording to the results, it can be seen that July is the period when the biomass of caragana leaves reaches its maximum, and May is the period when the CP contents of caragana leaves reach its maximum value. Therefore, according to the comprehensive consideration of the growth period and nutrient value of caragana leaves, May and July are the main utilization periods.
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Keywords:
- Caragana korshinskii /
- leaf biomass /
- nutrient /
- estimation model /
- Kubuqi Sandy Land
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图 1 不同生长年限柠条叶生物量年内变化情况
不同字母表示P < 0.05水平上差异显著。
Figure 1. Changes of leaf biomass of Caragana korshinskii within the year at different growth years
Different letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 level.
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图 2 柠条不同形态指标与叶生物量的关系
Figure 2. Correlations between different morphological indexes and leaf biomass of Caragana korshinskii
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图 3 不同生长年限柠条叶片粗蛋白含量(CP)变化趋势
Figure 3. Changing trends of CP content of Caragana korshinskii leaves at different growth years
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图 4 不同生长年限柠条叶片NDF、ADF含量变化
Figure 4. Changes of NDF and ADF contents of Caragana korshinskii leaves at different growth years
表 1 试验样地柠条灌丛形态特征参数
Table 1 Parameters of the morphological characteristics for Caragana korshinskii in sample plots
株龄
Plant age样本数
Sample number冠幅长
Crown width length/cm冠幅宽
Crown width/cm株高
Plant height/cm地径
Ground diameter/mm2年生2 years old 30 122.22±5.39 105.94±6.25 112.28±5.15 9.95±0.46 3年生3 years old 30 173.44±6.82 172.11±7.08 158.11±4.04 12.93±0.51 5年生5 years old 30 220.22±6.08 207.50±10.56 220.39±6.38 17.92±0.84 
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表 2 不同生长年限柠条叶生物量拟合模型精度检验
Table 2 Precision test for fitting models of leaf biomass of Caragana korshinskii at different growth years
株龄Plant age 估测模型Estimation model R2 P RS/% RMA/% 2年生2 years old WL=t2138.9470+342.6215t−1690.9080√t 0.892 0.003 9 -5.977 14.348 3年生3 years old WL=t981.7648+144.1632t−744.0618√t 0.955 0.000 7 3.804 17.147 5年生5 years old WL=t626.3694+92.7222t−180.2703√t 0.993 0.000 1 -3.077 11.099
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表 3 不同生长年限柠条叶片营养物含量
Table 3 Nutrient contents of Caragana korshinskii leaves in different growth years
株龄Plant age CP/% NDF/% ADF/% 2年生
2 years old16.31a 54.58a 17.21a 3年生
3 years old17.02a 55.14a 17.79a 5年生
5 years old16.09a 54.84a 17.13a 注：不同字母表示P < 0.05水平上差异显著；CP.粗蛋白含量；NDF.中性洗涤纤维含量；ADF.酸性洗涤纤维含量。下同。Notes: different letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 level; CP, crude protein content; NDF, neutral detergent fiber content; ADF, acid detergent fiber content. The same below.
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