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    胡世保, 辛荣仕, 郭红艳, 王晓洁, 张自斌, 程瑾. 传粉综合征预测传粉者准确性检验——以邱北冬蕙兰为例[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(6): 101-110. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180055
    引用本文: 胡世保, 辛荣仕, 郭红艳, 王晓洁, 张自斌, 程瑾. 传粉综合征预测传粉者准确性检验——以邱北冬蕙兰为例[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2018, 40(6): 101-110. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180055
    Hu Shibao, Xin Rongshi, Guo Hongyan, Wang Xiaojie, Zhang Zibin, Cheng Jin. Accuracy detection of predicting pollinator from pollination syndromes: taking Cymbidium qiubeiense as an example[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2018, 40(6): 101-110. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180055
    Citation: Hu Shibao, Xin Rongshi, Guo Hongyan, Wang Xiaojie, Zhang Zibin, Cheng Jin. Accuracy detection of predicting pollinator from pollination syndromes: taking Cymbidium qiubeiense as an example[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2018, 40(6): 101-110. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180055

    传粉综合征预测传粉者准确性检验——以邱北冬蕙兰为例

    Accuracy detection of predicting pollinator from pollination syndromes: taking Cymbidium qiubeiense as an example

    • 摘要:
      目的传粉综合征理论为植物与传粉者相互关系的进化提供了经典的假说, 然而, 随着越来越多泛化传粉系统被报道, 基于传粉综合征预测传粉者的准确性受到质疑。邱北冬蕙兰隶属于兰属建兰亚属, 花具香味, 唇瓣具紫色斑点。这些形态特征与已报道的由中华蜜蜂传粉的多种建兰亚属植物, 如兔耳兰、春兰等相似。我们根据传粉综合征理论预测邱北冬蕙兰传粉者同样为中华蜜蜂。本研究将验证利用传粉综合征预测传粉者这一方法的准确性, 探讨其适用范围。
      方法以邱北冬蕙兰为实验材料, 于2010—2012年在广西雅长兰科植物国家级自然保护区开展系统的传粉生物学研究, 包括开花物候观测、花形态测量、昆虫传粉行为观察、花颜色测量、花气味分析及人工繁育系统实验。
      结果中华蜜蜂的工蜂是邱北冬蕙兰唯一的传粉者, 花内不存在任何报酬物质, 推测具食源性欺骗传粉机制。唇瓣紫色斑点作为假蜜导欺骗中华蜜蜂访花, 花气味中含有酚类、酯类、醛类等物质, 其中醛类物质可能在吸引中华蜜蜂传粉过程中起着重要的作用, 利用传粉综合征预测传粉者的准确性得到成功检验。
      结论本研究为传粉综合征能够准确地预测传粉者的科学假设提供研究案例。但由于传粉综合征是由一组动态的、进化的花部性状组成, 通过传粉综合征预测传粉者时, 在已知亲缘关系相近植物传粉者前提下还需注意到生境变化、次级传粉者、传粉者功能群、历史演化、基因等因素的影响。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveThe concept of pollination syndromes provides a classic hypothesis for the evolution of plants and pollinators. However, in recent years, with more and more generalized pollination systems reported, pollination syndromes have been questioned gradually. Cymbidium qiubeiense in the Subgen. Jensoa, is a terrestial orchid with fragrant flower and purplish spots on the labellum. These morphological features are similar to other orchids of Subgen. Jensoa, such as C. lancifolium and C. goeringii, which are pollinated by Apis cerana cerana. According to the theory of pollination syndromes, we predicted that C. qiubeiense was also pollinated by A. cerana cerana. The purpose of our study is to verify the accuracy of pollination syndromes in predicting the pollinators, and explore its scope of application.
      MethodPollination biology of C. qiubeiense was investigated during 2010-2012 in the Yachang Orchid National Natural Reserve, which is located in Guangxi of southern China. We investigated its flowering phenology, flower form, pollination behavior of insect, flower color, flower odor and breeding system.
      ResultThe unique pollinator of C. qiubeiense was A. cerana cerana, and no rewards could be found in the flowers. It was speculated that C. qiubeiense had food-deceptive pollination mechanism and C. qiubeiense attracted A. cerana cerana by the purplish spots on the labellum (false nectar). Phenols, aldehydes and esters were identified in its odor, and aldehydes were considered to play an important role in attracting pollinators. We successfully verified the accuracy of pollination syndromes in predicting pollinators.
      ConclusionThis study provides a case for the scientific assumptions that the pollination syndromes can predict pollinators accurately. However, the pollination syndromes are composed of a suite of dynamic and evolutionary floral trait. It is necessary to take habitat change, secondary pollinators, pollinator function group, history evolution and gene into account when we use pollination syndromes to predict the pollinators on the premise of knowing the pollinators of closely related plants.

       

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