沙地樟子松人工林叶片—枯落物—土壤有机碳含量特征

任悦; 高广磊; 丁国栋; 张英; 朴起亨; 郭米山; 曹红雨

doi:10.13332/j.1000-1522.20180138

沙地樟子松人工林叶片—枯落物—土壤有机碳含量特征

Characteristics of organic carbon content of leaf-litter-soil system in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantations

摘要

摘要:
目的有机碳在生态系统物质循环和全球碳循环中扮演着重要的角色，沙地樟子松是我国北方风沙区农田防护林和防风固沙林的重要造林树种之一，通过对不同生物气候带沙地樟子松人工林叶片、枯落物、土壤有机碳含量及相关性的分析，阐明沙地樟子松人工林叶片—枯落物—土壤连续体有机碳分布特征。
方法本研究以呼伦贝尔沙地、科尔沁沙地和毛乌素沙地中龄、近熟和成熟3个龄组沙地樟子松人工林为研究对象。在测定叶片、枯落物和土壤有机碳含量的基础上，采用单因素方差分析和LSD多重比较法分析不同地区和龄组叶片、枯落物和土壤有机碳含量的差异性，采用双因素方差分析气候带和林龄对有机碳含量影响的显著性，并采用Pearson相关系数分析不同生物气候带叶片、枯落物和土壤有机碳含量相关性。
结果(1) 研究区沙地樟子松人工林叶片、枯落物和土壤有机碳含量分别在604.06~675.69 g/kg、343.02~538.51 g/kg和0.72~11.73 g/kg之间；(2)随着林龄的增加，沙地樟子松人工林叶片、枯落物和土壤有机碳含量均呈现先增加后减小的趋势，即近熟林>中龄林>成熟林；(3)气候带和林龄对沙地樟子松人工林叶片有机碳含量影响不显著(P＞0.05)，对枯落物和土壤有机碳含量影响差异显著(P < 0.05)，且不同组分有机碳含量呈显著(P < 0.05)或极显著(P < 0.01)正相关关系。
结论沙地樟子松人工林叶片—枯落物—土壤连续体中存在有机碳的运输和转换。沙地樟子松能够通过自身结构与功能适应环境变化，其叶片表现出较高的环境适应能力。研究结果有助于进一步揭示沙地樟子松人工林碳循环过程，并为沙地樟子松人工林经营管理提供理论支撑。

Abstract:
ObjectiveOrganic carbon plays an important role in the ecological system material cycle and global carbon cycle. Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica is one of the most important afforestation tree species for farmland protection and windbreak shelterbelts in northern China. By analyzing the leaf, litter, and soil organic carbon content of P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantations in different bioclimatic zones, the distribution characteristics of organic carbon in leaf-litter-soil system of P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantations were explored.
MethodThree age groups of P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantations (middle-aged, near-mature, and mature) in the Hulunbuir, Horqin, and Mu Us Sandy Land were studied. Based on the determination of organic carbon content in leaf, litter, and soil, the difference of organic carbon content of leaf, litter, and soil in different regions with different ages was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and LSD multiple comparison method. The significant influence of climate zone and forest age on organic carbon content was analyzed by two-way ANOVA method. Person correlation was used to analyze the correlation between leaf, litter, and soil organic carbon content in different bioclimatic zones.
Result(1) The organic carbon contents in leaf, litter, and soil at the different age groups were in the range of 604.06-675.69, 343.02-538.51, and 0.72-11.73 g/kg, respectively. (2) With the increase of forest age, the organic carbon contents of leaf, litter, and soil increased firstly and then decreased in each sandy land (near-mature forest > middle-aged forest > mature forest). (3) The climate zone and forest age had no significant effect on the content of organic carbon in the leaf of P. sylvestris var. mongolica, while had significant effect on the litter and soil organic carbon at P < 0.05 level. Also, there were significant (P < 0.05) or extremely significant (P < 0.01) positive correlations among the organic carbon contents of leaf, litter, and soil.
ConclusionThere is organic carbon transport and conversion in the leaf-litter-soil system of P. sylvestris var. mongolica. P. sylvestris var. mongolica adapts to environmental changes by adjusting its structure and function. In particular, it's worth mentioning that the leaf has a high environmental adaptability. The study is conductive to a better understanding of carbon cycling in P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantations, which also provide theoretical support for P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantation management.

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