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    现代月季品种‘赞歌’和粉团蔷薇杂交后代鉴定与评价

    Identification and evaluation of F1 hybrids between Rosa ‘Sanka’×R. multiflora var. cathayensis

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的本研究通过对现代月季品种‘赞歌’（2n = 4x = 28）和野蔷薇变种粉团蔷薇（2n = 2x = 14）的杂交后代群体进行杂种鉴定和评价，为利用野蔷薇改良现代月季品种提供重要的理论依据和材料基础。
      方法以现代月季品种‘赞歌’ × 粉团蔷薇的91株杂交后代为材料，综合利用形态学观察、流式细胞仪倍性检测、核型分析和SSR标记对杂交后代进行杂种鉴定和评价，并分析了不同方法对蔷薇属杂交后代鉴定的效率。
      结果杂交后代的表型参数多介于两亲本之间，变异系数为19.71% ~ 67.13%，变异广泛；流式细胞仪检测结果显示91个杂交后代中有70个三倍体（2n = 3x = 21），18个四倍体，1个六倍体（2n = 6x = 42），2个不能确定倍性；对21个流式细胞仪检测为非三倍体的后代和3个连续开花的三倍体后代进行染色体核型分析，发现18个后代的分析结果与细胞流式仪倍性检测结果一致，确定流式细胞仪测定倍性的准确率为93.41%；从26对SSR引物中筛选出7对多态性引物对2个四倍体和1个六倍体后代进行扩增，结果显示2个四倍体的杂交后代为假杂种，六倍体后代为真杂种。
      结论在鉴定不同倍性蔷薇属植物杂交后代时，核型分析和SSR标记法比形态学观察和流式细胞术更准确。本研究获得的三倍体杂交后代为利用野蔷薇改良现代月季品种提供了新的种质材料。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveIn this study, we used modern rose cultivars ‘Sanka’ (2n = 4x = 28) and R. multiflora var. cathayensis (2n = 2x = 14) as parents to obtain F1 population through hybridization, and the hybrids were identified and evaluated. This will provide an important basis for improving the modern rose by R. multiflora var. cathayensis.
      MethodWe obtained 91 F1 hybrids derived from the combination of R. ‘Sanka’ × R. multiflora var. cathayensis. The hybrids were identified by morphological observation, flow cytometry, karyotype analysis and SSR markers.
      ResultThe results showed that, F1 hybrids integrated the morphological characteristics of both ‘Sanka’ and R. multiflora var. cathayensis, and the coefficient of variation ranged from 19.71% to 67.13%. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the 70 of the 91 hybrids were triploids (2n = 3x = 21), 18 were tetraploid, 1 was hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42), and 2 unable to be determined. Karyotype analysis of 21 non-triploid identified by flow cytometry analysis and 3 triploid hybrids of continuous flowering revealed that the chromosome number of 18 hybrids were consistent with the results of flow cytometry analysis. The accuracy of flow cytometry for measuring ploidy was 93.41%. From 26 pairs of SSR primers, 7 pairs of polymorphic primers were selected to amplify 2 tetraploids and 1 hexaploid, and found that the two tetraploid hybrids were false hybrids, and the hexaploid were true hybrids.
      ConclusionKaryotype analysis and SSR analysis were more accurate than morphological observation and flow cytometry to identify hybrids. The results provide important basis for rose polyploidy breeding, and provide new germplasm materials for the improvement of modern rose using R. multiflora var. cathayensis.

       

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