Abstract: Elastic constants (modulus of elasticity and shear modulus), strength constants and dynamic viscoelasticity are three critical indicators for evaluating the mechanical performance of full-size wood composite panels (WCPs). There is, especially for full-size WCPs, a significant relationship between elastic constants and strength constants. Therefore, many researches on nondestructive testing (NDT) of mechanical properties of full-size WCPs have focused on nondestructively determining their elastic constants and dynamic viscoelasticity. This paper summarizes the mechanical properties and corresponding testing methods of WCPs, and reviews the research on the estimation of elastic constants and dynamic viscoelasticity of WCPs. Furthermore, this paper points out the existing shortcomings of the previous studies and introduces the research progress of our research team on estimating the mechanical properties of full-size WCPs using vibration methods. Thus, the future research goal of NDT for the mechanical properties of full-size WCPs is to develop a rapid and nondestructive technique based on vibration detection theory for directly assessing the mechanical properties of the structural full-size WCPs. Results of these research are to lay a theoretical foundation for achieving fast sampling of structural full-size WCPs in the laboratory and general examination and grading of mechanical properties on the production line in the future.