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    笃斯越桔伴生植物矿质元素与土壤肥力因子的多元分析

    Multivariate analysis of mineral elements and soil fertility factors in associated plants of Vaccinium uliginosum

    • 摘要:
      目的分析大兴安岭地区笃斯越桔伴生植物柴桦、杜香矿质元素含量差异特性,探究伴生植物叶片及根系矿质元素与根系层土壤肥力因子的相关关系,并筛选出影响其矿质元素含量的主要影响因子,明确伴生植物与笃斯越桔矿质元素含量和土壤肥力因子间关系的差异,为笃斯越桔及其伴生植物的合理抚育管理提供理论基础。
      方法通过方差分析、典型相关分析及回归方程的建立,探究大兴安岭地区3种立地条件(山地、水湿地冻土、水湿地有土壤)中的笃斯越桔伴生植物矿质元素含量的差异性及与土壤因子的相关关系。
      结果(1) 明确了立地条件主要影响柴桦植株中K、Fe、Mn、Zn及根系N、P、Mg的含量和杜香植株中P、Ca、Mg、Mn、叶片K及根系N、Fe的含量,不同立地条件下元素含量差异显著。(2) 3种植物叶片与根系中的矿质元素相关关系强弱表现为笃斯越桔 > 杜香 > 柴桦,且笃斯越桔与其伴生植物叶片和根系的矿质元素含量比值差异显著(P < 0.05),说明笃斯越桔和伴生植物对矿质元素的利用效率不同。(3) 多元线性回归分析表明,影响伴生植物柴桦、杜香矿质元素含量的主要因素为土壤pH,且除柴桦叶片中Mn含量外,其余元素含量均随pH的减小而增加;影响柴桦矿质元素含量的土壤因子有有效Zn、土壤有机质,且柴桦叶片还受土壤中硝态N、有效Cu含量的影响;影响杜香矿质元素含量的土壤养分因子为有效P和有效Cu。
      结论笃斯越桔伴生植物柴桦和杜香在不同立地条件下矿质元素含量差异显著,并与土壤因子有明显相关关系,且主要受土壤pH及有效Cu含量的影响。伴生植物叶片与根系的矿质元素比值较小,相关性较弱,较笃斯越桔而言,受环境影响更为明显。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveThis study analyzed the characteristics of mineral elements in Vaccinium uliginosum and its associated plants (Betula fruticosa and Ledum palustre) in Daxing’an Mountains of northeastern China and studied the correlations between mineral elements in leaves, roots and soil fertility factors in root layer, then screened out the main influencing factors, arming to clarify the relationship between mineral element content and soil fertility factors between V. uliginosum and its associated plants, which provides a theoretical basis for rational breeding and management of V. uliginosum and its associated plants.
      MethodThrough the analysis of variance, canonical correlation analysis and the establishment of regression equation, the study probe into three site types (meadow bog with soil layer, meadow bog permafrost soil layer and mountain land) in Daxing’an Mountains to research the difference of mineral element content in the associated plants of V. uliginosum and its correlation with soil fertility factors.
      Result(1) The results showed that site conditions mainly affected the contents of K, Fe, Mn, Zn and N, P, Mg in roots of Betula fruticose and P, Ca, Mg, Mn, K in leaves including N, Fe in roots of Ledum palustre. There were significant differences in element content under different site conditions. (2) The relationship between mineral elements in plant leaves and roots is as follows: V. uliginosum > Ledum palustre > Betula fruticose. There was significant difference in the ratio of mineral elements in leaves to roots between V. uliginosum and its associated plants (P < 0.05), which indicated that the utilization efficiency of mineral elements between V. uliginosum and associated plants was different. (3) Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main soil fertility factors affecting mineral elements content of Ledumpalustre and Betula fruticose was pH, and the contents of other elements increased with the decrease of pH except Mn in leaves of Betula fruticose. The soil factors affecting the mineral element content of Betula fruticose were available Zn and soil organic matter, and its leaves were also affected by soil nitrate N and available Cu. The soil fertility factors affecting the mineral element content of Ledum palustre were available P and available Cu.
      ConclusionThe mineral element contents of Betula fruticose and Ledum palustre, which the associated plants of V. uliginosum differed greatly under different site conditions. There was a significant correlation with soil fertility factors, and it was mainly affected by soil pH and available Cu content. There was a weak correlation between the ratio of mineral elements in leaves and roots of associated plants. Compared with V. uliginosum, its associated plants were more affected by environment.

       

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