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    大兴安岭北部不同降水梯度下兴安落叶松生长对升温的响应差异

    Differences in response of Larix gmelinii growth to rising temperature under different precipitation gradients in northern Daxing’an Mountains of northeastern China

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的为了解大兴安岭北部不同降水梯度下，兴安落叶松径向生长与气候关系是否存在差异，尤其是对最近的升温是否存在不同的响应。
      方法本文在大兴安岭北部沿降水梯度选择3个采样点−莫尔道嘎（Moerdaoga，ME，年降水量363 mm）、图里河（Tulihe，TLH，454 mm）和阿里河国家森林公园（Alihe，ALH，525 mm）进行树轮取样。运用树轮气候学方法，分析了气候变暖背景下兴安落叶松生长−气候关系随降水梯度的时空变异规律，并探讨兴安落叶松生长应对极端气候的抵抗力、恢复力和弹性力。
      结果不同降水梯度下，降水对兴安落叶松径向生长影响差异较小，仅有TLH兴安落叶松生长与当年8月和上年秋季降水呈显著正相关。温度是兴安落叶松径向生长的主要限制因子，但在不同降水区存在显著差异。在低降水区域（ME），生长季最低温度是兴安落叶松生长的主要限制因子；在中降水区域（TLH），上年9月最低温度对兴安落叶松径向生长的影响最强；在高降水区域（ALH），均温和低温是影响兴安落叶松生长的主要气候因子，上年秋季和冬季温度升高不利于当年兴安落叶松生长增加。综合温度与降水的帕默尔干旱指数（Palmer Drought Severity Index，PDSI）表明，ME采样点兴安落叶松生长与PDSI关系不显著，TLH兴安落叶松生长与PDSI显著正相关，ALH兴安落叶松与PDSI显著负相关。20世纪80年代快速升温后，3个采样点兴安落叶松的径向生长出现与升温相反的趋势。ALH采样点相比其他两个采样点应对极端气候有较高的抵抗力，但恢复力较弱。
      结论我们的结果表明环境水分的多少会影响兴安落叶松对未来气候变暖的响应，尤其是在生长应对极端气候的抵抗力和恢复力上可能会存在较大差异。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveThis paper aims to figure out the response differences of the radial growth of Larix gmelinii under different precipitation gradients in northern Daxing ’an Mountains of northeastern China to climate, especially to recent warming.
      MethodIn this paper, three sampling sites, including Moerdaoga (ME, annual total precipitation 363 mm), Tulihe (TLH, 454 mm) and Alihe (ALH, 525 mm), were selected along a precipitation gradient in the northern Daxing ’an Mountains of northeastern China. Under climate warming scenario, the spatial-temporal variations of radial growth of Larix gmelinii in different precipitation conditions and climate relationships were analyzed using the tree-ring climatology method, and the resistance, resilience and elasticity of Larix gmelinii to extreme climate were discussed.
      ResultResults showed that the effects of precipitation on the radial growth of Larix gmelinii were small under different precipitation conditions. Only in TLH site, the growth of Larix gmelinii was positively correlated with precipitation in August and autumn. Temperature is the main factor limiting radial growth of Larix gmelinii, its effects significantly differ with site precipitation conditions. In low precipitation area (ME), minimum temperature in growing season is the main limiting factor for the growth of Larix gmelinii. In the middle precipitation area (TLH), minimum temperature in September of previous year had the strongest effect on Larix gmelinii growth. In the high precipitation area (ALH), mean and minimum temperature are the key climatic factors affecting Larix gmelinii tree growth. The increase in temperature during autumn and winter of previous year was not conducive to the increase of Larix gmelinii growth. There was no significant relationship between ME chronology and PDSI. The TLH chronology was significant positively correlated with PDSI. The ALH chronology was significant negatively correlated with PDSI. After rapid warming since 1980s, the radial growth of Larix gmelinii at three sites showed an opposite trend with warming. Compared with the other two sampling sites, Larix gmelinii in ALH had higher resistance to extreme climate, but its resilience was weak.
      ConclusionOur results show that water conditions will affect the response of Larix gmelinii to future climate warming, especially in the resistance and resilience of growth to extreme climate.

       

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