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    天然马尾松林土壤碳氮磷特征及其与凋落物质量的关系

    Characteristics of soil C, N, P and their relationship with litter quality in natural Pinus massoniana forest

    • 摘要:
      目的对森林土壤碳氮磷特征及其与凋落物质量的关系进行分析,可为森林质量的精准提升提供参考依据。
      方法以赣南天然马尾松为研究对象,基于标准地调查及样品测定获取数据,利用主成分提取反映凋落物质量特征的变量并将其分别与土壤有机碳(C)、全氮(N)、全磷(P)建立线性回归模型,分析土壤C、N、P含量与凋落物质量的关系。
      结果(1)随土层深度(1)随土层深度的增加,土壤C、N、P含量逐渐降低,0 ~ 10 cm土层的C、N含量均显著高于其他土层(P < 0.05),各土层TP含量均无显著差异(P > 0.05)。土壤中的C、N、P含量整体表现为中等偏低到极低的状态;随林龄的递增,各土层C、N、P含量均呈上升趋势,其中0 ~ 10 cm土层的C含量各龄组间均呈显著差异(P < 0.05)。(2)凋落物半分解层、未分解层现存量随林龄的递增呈先增后减的趋势,各龄组均在近熟林达最大值;各分解层的C、N、P含量在不同龄组间均无明显变化规律,但半分解层的C含量、C/N值均显著小于未分解层(P < 0.05),N、P含量则为半分解层大于未分解层,其差异均不显著(P > 0.05)。(3)反映凋落物半分解层、未分解层质量特征的主成分均与土壤C、N含量呈显著相关、与土壤P含量相关性不显著,表现为土壤C、N、P含量与凋落物半分解C、N、P含量呈正相关、凋落物未分解层C、N、P含量呈负相关。
      结论天然马尾松林土壤的养分含量整体偏低,凋落物C、N、P含量在未分解层减少、半分解层增加时其土壤养分含量增加,因此,在经营中促进凋落物的分解可提高土壤养分含量,有利于林木生长。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveAnalyzing the carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus characteristics in forest soil and their relationship with litter quality can provide references for the accurate improvement of forest quality.
      MethodThis paper takes natural Pinus massoniana forest in southern Jiangxi Province, eastern China as the research object and obtains data based on the investigation of standard plots and sample measurement, it extracted the variables which reflect the litter quality characteristics by principal component analysis and set up a regression model with the litter quality and the soil organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (P), respectively to analyze the relationship between the content of C, N and P in soil and litter quality.
      Result(1) With the increase of soil depth, soil C, N, P gradually decreased, and C and N contents in 0−10 cm soil layer were significantly higher than that in other layers (P < 0.05), while P content in each soil layer had no significant difference (P > 0.05). In general, the contents of C, N, P in soil changed from the state of moderate to extremely low. With the increase of forest age, the contents of C, N and P in all soil layers showed an upward trend, among which the content of C in 0−10 cm soil layer was significantly different in varied age groups (P < 0.05). (2) The existing amount of semi-decomposed layer and undecomposed layer of litter increased first and then decreased and the maximum value of each age group achieved in near-mature forest; the contents of C, N and P in each decomposition layer did not show significant changes in different age groups, but the contents of C and C/N in the semi-decomposition layer were significantly lower than those in the undecomposed layer (P < 0.05), while the contents of N and P in the semi-decomposed layer were higher than those in the undecomposed layer, and the differences were not significant (P > 0.05). (3) The principal components reflecting the quality characteristics of semi-decomposed layer and the undecomposed layer of litter were significantly correlated with soil C and N contents, but were not significantly correlated with soil P contents, showing that the contents of C, N and P in soil were positively correlated with the contents of C, N and P in the semi-decomposed layer of litter, and negatively correlated with the contents of C, N and P in the undecomposed layer of litter.
      ConclusionIn natural Pinus massoniana forest, the soil nutrient contents totally were low. When the contents of C, N and P of litter decreased in undecomposed layer and increased in semi-decomposed layer, the contents of soil nutrients increased. Therefore, promoting the decomposition of litter in the management can improve the soil nutrient content, which is conducive to the growth of trees.

       

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