内蒙古大兴安岭林区不同恢复阶段森林生物量特征与影响因素

何潇; 曹磊; 徐胜林; 李海奎

doi:10.13332/j.1000-1522.20190030

内蒙古大兴安岭林区不同恢复阶段森林生物量特征与影响因素

Forest biomass characteristics and influencing factors in different restoration stages in the Daxing’anling forest region of Inner Mongolia, northern China

摘要

摘要:
目的针对内蒙古大兴安岭林区中火烧、采伐干扰后退化森林生态系统恢复演替进程，研究其林分生物量特征，确定林分、地形和气候因子对林分生物量的影响，建立林分生物量通用模型，进行森林碳汇功能研究。
方法利用野外实测的胸径和树高推算生物量。采用方差分析确定林分、地形和气候因子以及恢复时间、干扰类型等对林分生物量有无影响，使用一般线性模型建立林分生物量的多元线性模型，比较退化森林生态系统在不同生境下林分生物量特征。
结果（1）不同恢复阶段的林分生物量差异明显，森林各器官的生物量分配有所不同，生物量最大比重多出现在4 ~ 8 cm、14 cm和18 ~ 26 cm径阶。（2）方差分析结果表明，恢复时间、干扰类型、林分优势树种、海拔对林分生物量恢复有显著性影响，而气候因子或气候因子的2个主成分对林分生物量的影响都不显著，2个林分生物量模型的确定系数在0.85以上，可以用来预测退化森林生态系统中的森林生物量。
结论不同恢复阶段森林生物量有较大差异，森林乔木各器官生物量分配、径阶分配受到干扰类型和恢复时间影响。林分生物量与时间和海拔成正比，干扰方式与林型会影响林分生物量，研究结果可为大兴安岭林区森林生物量预测以及森林碳库研究提供借鉴。

Abstract:
ObjectiveTo study the succession process of degraded forest ecosystems recovered from the interference of fire and logging in the Inner Mongolia Daxing’anling forest area of northern China, a general stand biomass model was established to analyze the forest biomass characteristics and figure out the effects of stand, topography and climate factors on stand biomass.
MethodBiomass was calculated from the published biomass equations based on corresponding diameter at breast (DBH) and tree height (H) measured in the field. Variance analysis was used to determine the significance of stand, topographic and climatic factors, restoration time and interference type to the stand biomass. General linear model method was used to establish multivariate linear model of stand forest biomass and the forest biomass characteristics of degraded forest ecosystem were compared among different habitats.
Result(1) The forest biomass in different recovery stages of forest ecosystems was significantly different. The forest biomass organic allocation was also significantly different in a way that the maximum proportion of biomass mostly occurred in 4−8 cm, 14 cm and 18−26 cm diameter class. (2) Variance analysis showed that restoration time, interference type, dominant tree species and altitude had significant effects on stand biomass, while the two main climatic factors and climatic factors had no effect on stand biomass. The coefficient of determination for two stand biomass models was above 0.85 and could be used to predict forest biomass in degraded forest ecosystem.
ConclusionThere are large differences in forest biomass in varied degraded stages of forest ecosystems. The forest biomass organic and diameter allocation are affected by interference type and restoration time. The stand biomass is proportional to restoration time and altitude. The interference type and forest type will affect the stand biomass. The research results can provide reference for forest biomass prediction and forest carbon pool research in Daxing’anling forest area.

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