Abstract:
Nitrous oxide (N
2O) emission can be affected by the amounts and forms of nitrogen (N) available in soils. To improve our understanding of the response of N
2O emission to different N addition levels and forms, a manipulative field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different forms (ammonium sulfate, As:(NH
4)
2SO
4; sodium nitrate, Na:NaNO
3; ammonium nitrate, AN:NH
4NO
3) and levels (control: 0 kg/(ha·year); low N, LN: 50 kg/(ha·year); MN: 100 kg/(ha·year) and high N, HN: 150 kg/(ha·year)) of N addition on N
2O emission of temperate
Pinus tabuliformis forest soil using the static closed chamber method at Experimental Forest Station of Beijing Forestry University in Beijing, northern China. Our results showed that soil N
2O emission showed a trend of seasonal variation: higher in summer (May to August) but relatively low in the remaining seasons. The minimum value appeared in January. Different levels of N addition increased annual N
2O emission in the order of HN>MN>LN>control. The three N forms increased annual N
2O emission in the order of AN>As>Na, but the difference was insignificant (
P>0.05) between As and AN or As and Na. These results suggested that the N
2O emission from temperate forest soil sensitively responded to N addition forms and levels. In addition, soil temperature, air temperature and water-filled pore space also influenced soil N
2O fluxes. Annual soil N
2O emission factors ranged from 0.34% to 0.94% for different N addition treatments, with an overall emission factor value of 0.364%. The emission factor values were far less than the mean default emission factor proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).