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    不同清理方式对北京市透水砖铺装渗透率衰减过程影响

    Clogging processes of permeable paver systems under different maintenance methods in Beijing

      摘要
    • 摘要:
      目的透水砖铺装作为新兴的径流调控措施之一，已被广泛应用于我国海绵城市建设。由于缺乏长期监测数据，透水砖铺装渗透率衰减过程及不同清理方式的维护效果尚不明确。本文通过室内模拟多年雨水径流入渗过程实验，定量监测其渗透率衰减过程并对比不同清理维护措施效果。
      方法基于透水砖铺装入流−渗透实验，测定分析了不清理以及真空抽吸尘和压力水冲洗两种清理维护方式下透水砖铺装系统渗透率的衰减过程和实验前后找平层粒径分布的变化特征。
      结果3种清理方式下，透水砖铺装渗透率均呈指数衰减趋势，运行7年后，不清理、真空抽吸尘和压力水冲洗清理下透水砖铺装渗透率分别为26、229 和19 mm/h，分别衰减了99.6%、96.3%和99.7%，真空抽吸尘的清理效果优于压力水冲洗。3种清理方式下透水砖铺装的悬浮颗粒物平均去除率在95% ~ 98%之间，差异不显著（P ＞ 0.05，n = 7），铺装系统的找平层上部细颗粒物含量分别增加了29.2%、15.6%和30.1%。更新透水砖（即“新砖 + 旧找平层 + 旧土工布”）可将透水砖铺装系统的渗透速率恢复至新建系统的28.3% ~ 32.4%，而更新找平层和土工布可将渗透率恢复至新建系统的63.8% ~ 72.6%。
      结论雨水径流携带的细颗粒物在找平层上层聚集是透水砖铺装系统堵塞的主要原因，采用真空抽吸尘清理可有效减少找平层上层的细颗粒物含量，更新找平层和土工布比更新透水砖层可取得更好的透水性能恢复效果。

       

      Abstract:
      ObjectiveAs one of the promising stormwater management practices, permeable paver systems are more and more widely used in the sponge city constructions. However, due to the lack of long-term monitoring data, the clogging processes of permeable paver systems and the recovery effects of maintenance methods are not clear. Based on the laboratory experiments, the clogging processes of permeable paver systems under different maintenance methods were measured and analyzed.
      MethodBased on inflow-infiltration experiments, long-term changes in permeable pavement permeability and grain size distributions of bedding layers were measured and analyzed for three permeable pavement systems maintained with different methods including non-cleaned, vacuuming suction and high pressure washing.
      Result Under three permeable pavement methods, the permeabilities decayed exponentially. After 7 years, the infiltration rates were 26, 229 and 19 mm/hour, respectively for non-cleaned, vacuuming suction and high pressure washing, which attenuated 99.6%, 96.3% and 99.7% of the newly-installed systems. Vacuuming suction was preferable to pressure washing in the long-term performances of permeable paver systems. The removal efficiencies of suspended solids of permeable paver systems ranged between 95%−98% with no significant differences among three systems (P < 0.05, n = 7). The contents of fine particles (0−200 μm) in the upper layers of old bedding layers increased by 15.6%−29.2% compared with the new bedding layers. The infiltration rates of “new paver + old bedding layer + old geotextile” were 28.3%−32.4% of the newly-installed systems for the replacement of old bedding layers and geotextiles in permeable paver systems. While the infiltration rates could recover to 63.8%−72.6% in the “old paver + new bedding layer + new geotextile” systems.
      ConclusionTherefore, the measures of periodic maintenance of vacuuming suction and the renewal of bedding layers and geotextiles can be considered to obtain better permeability and recovery effect of permeable paver systems.

       

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